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Related Concept Videos

Reproductive Cloning01:27

Reproductive Cloning

Reproductive cloning is the process of producing a genetically identical copy—a clone—of an entire organism. While clones can be produced by splitting an early embryo—similar to what happens naturally with identical twins—cloning of adult animals is usually done by a process called somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT).
Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer
In SCNT, an egg cell is taken from an animal and its nucleus is removed, creating an enucleated egg. Then a somatic cell—any cell that is not a sex...
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance02:30

Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance

Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
Cloning of Dolly the Sheep01:08

Cloning of Dolly the Sheep

The first successfully cloned mammal was Dolly, a sheep, born on 5th July 1996 at Roslin Institute, Scotland. The cloned sheep was named after the American singer Dolly Parton. Dolly lived for seven years and died of respiratory complications, which is speculated to be due to the actual age of her DNA. Because the DNA in cloned cells belongs to an older individual,  the cloned individual’s life expectancy may be affected. Indeed, analysis of Dolly’s DNA revealed shorter telomeres than other...
Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming01:14

Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming

Nuclear reprogramming is the process of switching gene expression of one cell type to that of another cell type, usually from a differentiated cell state to an undifferentiated cell state. Differentiation occurs during processes such as development and morphogenesis, tissue regeneration, and malignancy. Cells can also be artificially induced to reprogram their gene expression by techniques such as nuclear transfer, induced pluripotency, and cell fusion. Such techniques have many applications in...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Rapid and Efficient Spatiotemporal Monitoring of Normal and Aberrant Cytosine Methylation within Intact Zebrafish Embryos
07:16

Rapid and Efficient Spatiotemporal Monitoring of Normal and Aberrant Cytosine Methylation within Intact Zebrafish Embryos

Published on: August 18, 2022

[DNA methylation and development abnormalities in cloned animals].

Rong-Rong Yang1, Xiang-Yun Li

  • 1College of Animal Science and Technology, Agriculture University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China. rongrong-yang@163.com

Yi Chuan = Hereditas
|September 15, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Most cloned animals die before birth or exhibit abnormalities due to aberrant DNA methylation patterns. Research highlights DNA methylation

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Immunohistochemical Detection of 5-Methylcytosine and 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine in Developing and Postmitotic Mouse Retina

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Last Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Rapid and Efficient Spatiotemporal Monitoring of Normal and Aberrant Cytosine Methylation within Intact Zebrafish Embryos
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Rapid and Efficient Spatiotemporal Monitoring of Normal and Aberrant Cytosine Methylation within Intact Zebrafish Embryos

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Immunostaining for DNA Modifications: Computational Analysis of Confocal Images
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Immunostaining for DNA Modifications: Computational Analysis of Confocal Images

Published on: September 7, 2017

Immunohistochemical Detection of 5-Methylcytosine and 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine in Developing and Postmitotic Mouse Retina
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Immunohistochemical Detection of 5-Methylcytosine and 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine in Developing and Postmitotic Mouse Retina

Published on: August 29, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics
  • Developmental Biology
  • Genomics

Context:

  • Nuclear transfer cloning often results in high mortality rates.
  • Surviving cloned animals frequently display developmental defects and abnormal phenotypes.
  • Epigenetic regulation, particularly DNA methylation, is crucial for normal embryonic development.

Purpose:

  • To investigate the role of DNA methylation in the developmental failures of cloned animals.
  • To identify abnormal DNA methylation patterns in cloned animals.
  • To explore the causes of aberrant DNA methylation during animal cloning.

Summary:

  • Abnormal DNA methylation patterns were identified in cloned animals.
  • These epigenetic alterations are strongly correlated with premature embryonic death and developmental abnormalities in clones.
  • Understanding these patterns is key to improving cloning efficiency and offspring health.

Impact:

  • Provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying cloning inefficiencies.
  • Suggests potential targets for improving the success rates and health outcomes of cloned animals.
  • Highlights the critical importance of precise epigenetic regulation in mammalian development.