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Related Concept Videos

Hiatal Hernia01:25

Hiatal Hernia

A hiatal hernia is the abnormal protrusion of the stomach or other abdominal organs through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm into the thoracic cavity.Normally, the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) lies below the diaphragm and is supported by the phrenoesophageal membrane, the diaphragmatic crura, and connective tissues. Weakening of these structures—due to aging, congenital defects like a short esophagus, or increased intra-abdominal pressure from coughing, obesity, pregnancy, or heavy...
Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:24

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

The pancreas, an elongated and flat gland situated behind the stomach, serves a vital function in digesting food and managing blood sugar levels.
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:25

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Chronic pancreatitis is a long-standing, relapsing inflammation of the pancreas, characterized by irreversible damage to the gland. It results in progressive destruction of the pancreatic parenchyma, fibrosis, and eventual loss of both exocrine and endocrine function. The disease may evolve gradually after multiple episodes of acute pancreatitis or develop independently.EtiologyChronic pancreatitis can arise from a variety of causes:Alcohol use is the leading cause, accounting for 70–80% of...
Esophageal Achalasia01:27

Esophageal Achalasia

Esophageal achalasia is a chronic neurogenic disorder characterized by impaired relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) and absent or ineffective peristalsis in the distal esophagus. This leads to a functional obstruction without a physical blockage, despite significant disruption of esophageal motility.EtiologyAchalasia is caused by degeneration of the myenteric (Auerbach's) plexus, specifically the loss of inhibitory ganglion cells that produce vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)...
Chronic Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology01:21

Chronic Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology

Chronic pancreatitis is a progressive and irreversible inflammation of the pancreas, most often caused by long-term alcohol abuse, but it can also be related to ductal obstruction, smoking, or genetic factors.Chronic pancreatitis occurs when the pancreas is repeatedly exposed to harmful agents like alcohol, smoking, ductal obstruction, or genetic predisposition. These factors lead to the release of toxic metabolites and inflammatory cytokines, sustaining chronic inflammation in the pancreatic...
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease01:25

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is the backward flow of stomach contents (acid, pepsin, or bile) into the esophagus, causing mucosal inflammation known as esophagitis. It results from failure of antireflux mechanisms, mainly the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), influenced by mechanical and physiological factors.Etiology and Risk FactorsGERD develops when LES function is weakened or when intra-abdominal pressure increases. Risk factors include aging, obesity, and sliding hiatal hernia,...

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Laparoscopic Repair of Para-Esophageal Hernia Using Absorbable Biosynthetic Mesh
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Laparoscopic Repair of Para-Esophageal Hernia Using Absorbable Biosynthetic Mesh

Published on: September 11, 2021

Chronic diaphragmatic hernia.

Shunsuke Endo1, Hiroyoshi Tsubochi, Tomoyuki Nakano

  • 1Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Jichi Medical School, Omiya Medical Center, 1-847 Amanuma, Omiya-ku, Saitama 330-8503, Japan. tcvshun@jichi.ac.jp

General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
|September 18, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Chronic diaphragmatic hernia, a rare condition, often needs surgery. This study highlights three cases without prior chest trauma, suggesting congenital weakness as a cause. Surgical repair improved patient comfort and breathing.

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Area of Science:

  • General Surgery
  • Thoracic Surgery
  • Abdominal Surgery

Background:

  • Chronic diaphragmatic hernia is uncommon and necessitates surgical treatment.
  • Diagnosis of diaphragmatic abnormality can occur without preceding chest trauma.

Observation:

  • Three patients presented with chronic diaphragmatic hernia following diagnosis of diaphragmatic abnormality.
  • No history of chest injury was reported in these patients.
  • Operative findings indicated a diaphragmatic defect originating from a congenitally weak area.

Findings:

  • Surgical repair using Marlex mesh sheets was performed via thoracotomy and laparotomy.
  • All patients reported satisfaction with symptom resolution.
  • Post-operative respiratory function significantly improved in all patients.

Implications:

  • Chronic diaphragmatic hernia should be considered in differential diagnoses, even without a history of chest trauma.
  • Congenital weakness may predispose individuals to diaphragmatic defects.
  • Surgical intervention offers effective relief and functional improvement for chronic diaphragmatic hernia.