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Pneumothorax-I

Pneumothorax-I

A pneumothorax is a condition where air builds up in the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition arises when air enters the space between the parietal and visceral pleura, disrupting the negative pressure essential for lung inflation. This can lead to a partial or complete collapse of the lung.
Pneumothorax can be even further classified as spontaneous, traumatic, and tension pneumothorax.

Pneumothorax II: Pathophysiology

Pneumothorax II: Pathophysiology

Pneumothorax means the presence of air in the pleural space — the thin potential gap between the visceral and parietal pleura. This condition disrupts the normal pressure balance that keeps the lungs inflated, leading to partial or complete collapse of the affected lung.Normal physiologyUnder normal conditions, the pleural space maintains a slightly negative intrapleural pressure, which keeps the lungs expanded against the chest wall. This negative pressure creates a delicate balance between...

Pneumothorax-II

Pneumothorax-II

Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
Clinical Manifestations:

Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation

Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation

In terms of human respiration, the act of expelling air, known as exhalation (or expiration), operates on the principle of pressure gradients. During expiration, the pressure within the lungs exceeds that of the surrounding atmosphere. Under normal conditions, quiet breathing involves passive exhalation and is free of muscular contractions. This is because the exhalation process is driven by the natural elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall, both of which have an inherent tendency to...

Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment

Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment

Pneumonia poses the potential for numerous complications that warrant consideration. These complications include the following:

Pleura of the Lungs

Pleura of the Lungs

The lungs are nestled in a cavity, shielded by the pleura. The pleura, a form of serous membrane, wraps around each lung. This membrane arrangement consists of two layers: the visceral and parietal pleurae. The visceral pleura lines the surface of the lungIn contrast, the parietal pleura is the outer layer and contacts to the thoracic wall, the mediastinum, and the diaphragm. The hilum is the point of connection between the visceral and parietal layers. The space between the parietal and...

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Updated: Jul 11, 2026

International Expert Consensus and Recommendations for Neonatal Pneumothorax Ultrasound Diagnosis and Ultrasound-guided Thoracentesis Procedure

International Expert Consensus and Recommendations for Neonatal Pneumothorax Ultrasound Diagnosis and Ultrasound-guided Thoracentesis Procedure

Published on: March 12, 2020

Pneumothorax and pregnancy.

Abhi Lal¹, Gavin Anderson, Michael Cowen

¹Department of Respiratory Medicine, Castle Hill Hospital, Castle Rd, Cottingham HU16 5JQ, UK.

|September 18, 2007

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Pneumothorax in pregnancy is rare but carries risks. Modern, less invasive treatments like aspiration and VATS offer favorable outcomes for mothers and infants, guiding future clinical recommendations.

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International Expert Consensus and Recommendations for Neonatal Pneumothorax Ultrasound Diagnosis and Ultrasound-guided Thoracentesis Procedure

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Published on: March 12, 2020

Protocol and Guidelines for Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Neonatal Pulmonary Diseases Based on International Expert Consensus

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A Modified Sonographic Algorithm for Image Acquisition in Life-Threatening Emergencies in the Critically Ill Newborn

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Published on: April 7, 2023

Area of Science:

Thoracic Surgery
Maternal-Fetal Medicine
Pulmonology

Background:

Primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) is less common in women, but pregnancy presents unique risks to mother and fetus.
Fewer than 50 cases of pneumothorax during pregnancy have been documented.
Existing management guidelines for pneumothorax do not address pregnancy-specific scenarios.

Observation:

A 10-year retrospective review identified five cases of pneumothorax in pregnant patients.
This represents the largest reported series of pneumothorax complicating pregnancy.
Outcomes were favorable for both mothers and infants in the studied cases.

Findings:

Modern, minimally invasive techniques, including simple aspiration and video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS), were utilized.
Elective assisted delivery with regional anesthesia near term was also employed.
These approaches led to positive maternal and fetal outcomes.

Implications:

Clinical guidelines for pneumothorax management should incorporate recommendations for pregnant patients.
Integrating data from past experiences and modern techniques is crucial.
Standardized advice will support specialists in managing this high-risk obstetric complication.