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Lessons learned from psychotherapy research.

James R McKay1

  • 1University of Pennsylvania, Treatment Research Center, 3900 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. mckay_j@mail.trc.upenn.edu

Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research
|October 27, 2007
PubMed
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Addiction treatment research needs new methods to understand how therapies work. This review explores psychotherapy techniques to identify mechanisms of change in behavioral addiction treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Psychotherapy Research
  • Addiction Treatment
  • Behavioral Interventions

Background:

  • Limited research exists on the mechanisms of action in addiction treatment.
  • Evidence is lacking that core components of behavioral therapies (e.g., cognitive-behavioral treatment, motivational interviewing) mediate treatment outcomes.
  • Novel approaches are required to investigate the process of change in addiction treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review established psychotherapy research methods for identifying mechanisms of change.
  • To propose the application of these methods to addiction treatment research.

Main Methods:

  • Review of psychotherapy research approaches: critical session analysis, change across sessions, and general vs. specific therapeutic factors.
  • Emphasis on detailed assessment of therapist and patient behaviors during treatment sessions.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Examination of the relationship between in-session factors and subsequent symptom changes.

    • Main Results:

    • Identified methods involve meticulous evaluation of therapist and patient behaviors during sessions.
    • These methods correlate in-session dynamics with symptom improvements or declines in subsequent weeks.

    Conclusions:

    • The reviewed methods can be adapted for addiction treatment research.
    • Application of these methods can generate testable hypotheses about mechanisms of change.
    • Further controlled studies are needed to validate these mechanisms in addiction treatment.