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How well do nurses recognize malnutrition in elderly patients?

M H Suominen1, E Sandelin, H Soini

  • 1The Central Union for the Welfare of the Aged, Helsinki, Finland. merja.suominen@vanhustyonkeskusliitto.fi

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition
|September 21, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Nurses in Helsinki long-term care hospitals poorly recognized malnutrition in elderly patients. Despite over half being malnourished according to the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), nurses identified only 15.2%, highlighting a critical need for nutrition education.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Clinical Nutrition
  • Nursing Practice

Background:

  • Malnutrition is a prevalent yet underrecognized issue in institutionalized elderly populations.
  • Effective nutritional care is crucial for managing health outcomes in older adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the accuracy of nurses' recognition of malnutrition in elderly patients residing in long-term care facilities in Helsinki.
  • To compare nurses' perceptions of patient nutritional status with objective assessments.

Main Methods:

  • A descriptive, cross-sectional study involving 1043 elderly patients in Helsinki long-term care hospitals.
  • Nutritional status assessed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and Body Mass Index (BMI).
  • Nurses' perceptions of malnutrition were collected via a structured questionnaire.

Main Results:

  • Nurses identified only 15.2% of patients as malnourished, contrasting with MNA findings of 56.7% malnutrition.
  • Patients with low BMI (<20) and MNA scores <17 were significantly underidentified as malnourished.
  • Malnourished patients received fewer nutritional interventions, with only one in six receiving oral nutritional supplements.

Conclusions:

  • There is a significant deficit in nurses' ability to recognize malnutrition in elderly patients within long-term care settings.
  • Urgent and targeted nutrition education for nurses is essential to improve the identification and management of malnutrition.
  • Enhanced nutritional care has well-established benefits for the health and well-being of older adults.