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Managing HIV peripheral neuropathy.

Alejandra Gonzalez-Duarte1, Katia Cikurel, David M Simpson

  • 1Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Annenberg 2nd Floor, Box 1052, New York, NY 10029, USA.

Current HIV/AIDS Reports
|September 22, 2007
PubMed
Summary
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Peripheral nerve disorders, especially distal symmetrical polyneuropathy (DSP), are common in HIV patients. Current treatments focus on symptom management, while new therapies are under investigation.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • HIV Medicine

Background:

  • Peripheral nerve disorders are common in HIV patients.
  • Distal symmetrical polyneuropathy (DSP) is the most frequent, affecting up to 67% of individuals.
  • Risk factors include age, advanced HIV, and neurotoxic drug use.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of HIV-associated distal symmetrical polyneuropathy (DSP).
  • To discuss the primary manifestations, potential etiologies, and current treatment strategies for DSP in HIV patients.
  • To highlight emerging therapeutic approaches for HIV-associated DSP.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of peripheral nerve disorders in HIV disease.
  • Analysis of risk factors, clinical manifestations, and proposed etiologies of DSP.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Summary of current symptomatic treatments and novel therapeutic investigations.

    • Main Results:

    • Distal symmetrical polyneuropathy (DSP) is the most common peripheral nerve disorder in HIV.
    • Symptoms include progressive numbness, paresthesias, and burning sensations, typically in the feet.
    • Etiology is multifactorial, possibly involving cytokines, HIV proteins, and mitochondrial damage.

    Conclusions:

    • HIV-associated DSP requires symptomatic management with various pain-modifying medications.
    • Sustained virologic control may offer therapeutic benefits.
    • Novel therapies like N-acetyl-L-carnitine and neurotrophic factors show promise for future treatment.