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Determination of Mitochondrial Membrane Potential and Reactive Oxygen Species in Live Rat Cortical Neurons
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Published on: May 23, 2011

Effect of L-arginine on synaptosomal mitochondrial function.

Koji Hirata1, Yukihiro Akita, Nataliya Povalko

  • 1Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan.

Brain & Development
|September 25, 2007
PubMed
Summary

L-arginine impacts neurotransmitter levels and uptake in mouse brain synaptosomes, potentially modulating neuronal excitability and benefiting stroke-like symptoms in MELAS by enhancing mitochondrial respiration.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biochemistry
  • Mitochondrial Biology

Background:

  • Synaptosomes are crucial for neurotransmission.
  • Mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in neurological disorders.
  • L-arginine plays a role in cellular metabolism and neurotransmission.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the direct effects of L-arginine on synaptosomal neurotransmission.
  • To explore the relationship between L-arginine, neurotransmitter function, and mitochondrial respiration.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate (Glu) concentrations in isolated mouse brain synaptosomes.
  • Measurement of amino acid uptake and release under various conditions (e.g., high potassium, rotenone).
  • Assessment of synaptosomal oxygen consumption and mitochondrial respiratory function.

Main Results:

  • L-arginine inhibited glutamate uptake but not GABA uptake.
  • L-arginine decreased GABA and Glu content within synaptosomes.
  • L-arginine enhanced succinate-supported synaptosomal respiration (state II) without significantly affecting mitochondrial fractions or enzyme activities.
  • L-arginine modulated GABA release and glutamate uptake in the presence of rotenone.

Conclusions:

  • L-arginine may modulate neuronal excitability at nerve endings.
  • These effects are linked to enhanced succinate metabolism in synaptosomes.
  • L-arginine's actions could potentially alleviate stroke-like symptoms in MELAS patients.