A realistic model for catastrophic external haemorrhage training.

Area of Science:

• Military Medicine
• Trauma Care
• Medical Simulation

Background:

• External hemorrhage is a major cause of death and injury in combat situations.
• Topical hemostatic agents (e.g., HemCon, QuikClot) are now used by UK Defence Medical Services (DMS) to manage severe external bleeding.
• Effective and realistic training is crucial for the successful deployment of new medical equipment and techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

• To describe a unique, simple, reproducible, and valid training model for managing catastrophic external hemorrhage.
• To provide a realistic training opportunity for soldiers without using live animals.
• To facilitate training in the use of topical hemostatic agents in a combat environment.

Main Methods:

• Development of a novel training model simulating life-threatening external bleeding.
• The model is designed to be simple, reproducible, valid, and realistic.
• Training conducted without the need for live animal subjects.

Main Results:

• The described model provides a unique opportunity for realistic training in hemorrhage control.
• The model has been successfully utilized to train UK DMS medics, nurses, and doctors.
• Training took place in Afghanistan, indicating applicability in operational theaters.

Conclusions:

• The developed training model is an effective and ethical method for teaching soldiers to manage severe external bleeding.
• This simulation enhances preparedness for using topical hemostatic agents in combat scenarios.
• The model's success in Afghanistan highlights its practical value for military medical training.