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Antifungal Agents

Antifungal Agents

Amphotericin B is a broad-spectrum antifungal agent that exploits structural differences between fungal and mammalian cell membranes. Its amphipathic structure—featuring a hydrophobic polyene-lactone ring and a hydrophilic region containing mycosamine and carboxylic acid groups—enables selective binding to ergosterol, a sterol predominantly found in fungal plasma membranes. This selective interaction underlies the drug’s antifungal activity, although weak binding to cholesterol contributes to...

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The effectiveness of antimicrobial agents depends on various factors influencing their ability to eliminate microbial populations. Larger microbial populations require more time for complete eradication, emphasizing the importance of population size analysis when evaluating antimicrobial efficacy.Microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents varies significantly. Highly resilient microorganisms include endospores, gram-negative bacteria, and non-enveloped viruses, while prions are exceptionally...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Broth Microdilution In Vitro Screening: An Easy and Fast Method to Detect New Antifungal Compounds

Broth Microdilution In Vitro Screening: An Easy and Fast Method to Detect New Antifungal Compounds

Published on: February 14, 2018

Recent advances in antifungal agents.

Tamás Lóránd¹, Béla Kocsis

¹Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University Pécs, Faculty of Medicine, H-7624 Pécs, Szigeti út 12., Hungary. tamas.lorand@aok.pte.hu

Mini Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry

|September 28, 2007

Summary

New antifungal drugs are crucial due to rising drug resistance and immunocompromised patients. This review covers novel triazoles, echinocandins, nikkomycins, and sordarin derivatives targeting various fungal pathways.

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Area of Science:

Medical Mycology
Infectious Diseases
Pharmacology

Background:

Increasing incidence of invasive fungal infections.
Emergence of antifungal resistance in opportunistic fungi.
Growing population of immunocompromised patients (e.g., AIDS, transplant, cancer).

Purpose of the Study:

To review novel antifungal agents and their mechanisms of action.
To highlight advancements in antifungal drug development.
To address the need for new treatments against resistant fungal pathogens.

Main Methods:

Literature review of new antifungal classes and agents.
Discussion of mechanisms targeting ergosterol, 1,3-beta-glucan, chitin, and protein synthesis.
Comparative analysis of novel agents against existing antifungals.

Main Results:

Novel triazoles (voriconazole, posaconazole, ravuconazole) inhibit ergosterol synthesis, overcoming limitations of older azoles.
Echinocandins (caspofungin, anidulafungin, micafungin) target 1,3-beta-glucan synthase.
Nikkomycins show activity against dimorphic fungi, and sordarin derivatives show promise against Candida and Pneumocystis.

Conclusions:

New antifungal agents offer improved efficacy and broader spectrum activity.
Targeting diverse fungal pathways is key to overcoming resistance.
Continued development of novel antifungals is essential for managing invasive mycoses.