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Related Concept Videos

Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction01:15

Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction

IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...
Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:22

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management

Aortic regurgitation (AR) is when the aortic valve does not close or seal properly, leading to backward blood circulation from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole. Common causes of AR include rheumatic heart disease, congenital valve defects, and aortic root dilation. Managing AR requires a multifaceted approach to alleviate symptoms, preserve left ventricular function, and address the underlying cause of the regurgitation. Patients with symptomatic AR or significant left...
Atherosclerosis I: Introduction01:30

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...
Aneurysm I: Introduction01:30

Aneurysm I: Introduction

An aortic aneurysm is a localized outpouching or dilation at a weak point in the artery wall. It may involve different parts of the aorta, such as the abdominal aorta, aortic arch, or thoracic aorta.Etiological factorsSeveral disorders are associated with aortic aneurysms.Congenital causes, such as primary connective tissue disorders like Marfan syndrome, impact the integrity and strength of connective tissues, notably affecting the aorta. Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder that specifically...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

A Minimally Invasive Model of Aortic Stenosis in Swine
06:51

A Minimally Invasive Model of Aortic Stenosis in Swine

Published on: October 20, 2023

Rapid progression of aortic wall vegetation.

Ali Reza Moaref1, Reza Mollazadeh, Mahmood Zamirian

  • 1Cardiology Department, Nemazee Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran.

Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : Official Publication of the American Society of Echocardiography
|October 2, 2007
PubMed
Summary

This case highlights a rare subaortic web complication. Repeated transesophageal echocardiography is crucial for diagnosing unusual aortic vegetation and aneurysm formation.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Subaortic webs are congenital anomalies that can cause turbulent blood flow.
  • Turbulent flow in the aorta can lead to infective endocarditis and its complications.
  • Early diagnosis and intervention are critical for managing aortic pathologies.

Observation:

  • A 28-year-old male presented with persistent fever and cardiac murmurs.
  • Transesophageal echocardiography revealed a subaortic web, severe aortic regurgitation, and a large aortic vegetation.
  • Serial echocardiography demonstrated the progression of infection to an aortic abscess and saccular aneurysm.

Findings:

  • This is the first reported case of a large aortic vegetation associated with an untreated subaortic web.
  • The vegetation was located at the site of turbulent flow caused by the subaortic web.
  • Surgical intervention involved excision of the subaortic web and replacement of the aortic valve and ascending aorta.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of transesophageal echocardiography in diagnosing complex cardiovascular conditions.
  • Repetitive echocardiographic examinations are vital for monitoring disease progression and detecting complications in unusual locations.
  • Prompt surgical management of subaortic webs and associated infective endocarditis can prevent life-threatening complications.