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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Postoperative Ileus Murine Model

Postoperative Ileus Murine Model

Published on: July 12, 2024

Emerging pharmacologic options for treating postoperative ileus.

Michael D Kraft¹

¹University of Michigan, College of Pharmacy, USA. mdkraft@umich.edu

American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy : AJHP : Official Journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists

|October 18, 2007

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

New peripherally selective opioid antagonists, methylnaltrexone and alvimopan, effectively treat postoperative ileus (POI) by targeting gastrointestinal opioid receptors. These agents offer a promising approach to reduce POI

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Last Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Postoperative Ileus Murine Model

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Published on: July 12, 2024

Functional Assessment of Intestinal Motility and Gut Wall Inflammation in Rodents: Analyses in a Standardized Model of Intestinal Manipulation

Functional Assessment of Intestinal Motility and Gut Wall Inflammation in Rodents: Analyses in a Standardized Model of Intestinal Manipulation

Published on: September 11, 2012

Area of Science:

Pharmacology and Therapeutics
Gastroenterology
Clinical Pharmacy

Background:

Postoperative ileus (POI) presents a significant clinical challenge, prolonging recovery and increasing healthcare costs.
Current management strategies for POI are limited, highlighting the need for effective therapeutic interventions.
Opioid receptor activity in the gastrointestinal tract plays a crucial role in POI pathophysiology.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the characteristics of ideal drug therapy for POI.
To review the pharmacology, efficacy, and safety of existing and novel opioid antagonists for POI treatment.
To discuss formulary considerations for new POI therapies.

Main Methods:

Review of current literature on POI pathophysiology and pharmacologic management.
Analysis of clinical trial data for nonselective and peripherally selective opioid antagonists.
Assessment of safety profiles and formulary implications of methylnaltrexone and alvimopan.

Main Results:

Peripherally selective opioid antagonists, methylnaltrexone and alvimopan, demonstrate efficacy in reducing POI duration and hospital length of stay.
Alvimopan has shown benefits in reducing postoperative nausea and vomiting.
Both agents appear effective for opioid-induced constipation, though long-term safety data for alvimopan require further investigation.

Conclusions:

Peripherally selective opioid antagonists represent a promising therapeutic class for managing POI.
These agents can potentially mitigate the clinical and economic burden associated with POI.
Careful consideration of safety, prescribing practices, and cost-effectiveness is essential for formulary integration.