Related Experiment Videos
Using an accident model to design safe electronic medication management systems.
Farah Magrabi1, Geoff McDonnell, Johanna I Westbrook
1Centre for Health Informatics, University of New South Wales, Australia. f.magrabi@unsw.edu.au
Studies in Health Technology and Informatics
|October 4, 2007
Summary
Electronic prescribing systems (e-PS) can cause machine-related errors harming patients. This study models e-PS use to identify human error and system failures, aiming to improve patient safety through better design and regulation.
Area of Science:
- Health Informatics
- Patient Safety Research
- Systems Engineering
Background:
- Large-scale adoption of electronic prescribing systems (e-PS) introduces potential for machine-related errors impacting patient safety.
- Understanding the complex interactions between processes, context, and tasks is crucial for mitigating these risks.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a comprehensive multilevel accident model for electronic prescribing systems (e-PS).
- To identify process, context, and task interaction variables contributing to human error and system failure.
- To guide evidence-based hazard analysis and design of safer e-PS features.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a dynamic systems modeling approach.
- Employed system dynamics methods to represent medication management processes and error-related contextual interactions.
- Incorporated agent-based methods to model task interactions within the e-PS environment.
Main Results:
- Developed a multilevel accident model capturing failure patterns in e-PS use.
- Identified key variables influencing error generation, interception, and transmission in routine care settings.
- The model provides a framework for analyzing hazards associated with e-PS implementation.
Conclusions:
- The dynamic systems modeling approach offers a robust method for understanding and preventing errors in electronic prescribing.
- The developed accident model can inform the design, implementation, and regulation of e-PS to enhance patient safety.
- This framework supports an evidence-based strategy for proactive hazard identification and risk mitigation in health IT.
Related Concept Videos
01:26Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Potential Scenarios
Pharmaceutical poisoning can occur through various channels, impacting an estimated 2 million hospitalized patients in the U.S. annually with serious adverse drug responses. These scenarios encompass both therapeutic uses, such as drug toxicity, where even standard dosages can lead to severe central nervous system depression, and non-therapeutic exposures, including accidental ingestion by children, and environmental and occupational exposures.Unintentional poisonings often involve exploratory...
01:21Mechanistic Models: Overview of Compartment Models
Mechanistic models, a category encompassing both physiological and compartmental modeling, differ from empirical models' approaches to incorporating known factors about the systems being modeled. Empirical models describe data with minimal assumptions, while mechanistic models aim to provide a robust description of available data by specifying assumptions and integrating known factors about the system. Compartmental analysis is a key example of a mechanistic model in pharmacokinetics and...
01:15Impact of Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Models: Regulatory Decisions
PK–PD modeling has significantly influenced FDA regulatory decisions, particularly drug approval, dosage optimization, and labeling. These models integrate pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) to predict drug behavior and effects, aiding in optimizing dosing regimens and enhancing the probability of clinical trial success.One notable example is Nesiritide (Natrecor®), a recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide for treating acute decompensated congestive heart failure (CHF).
01:18Guidelines and Strategies for Safe Computer Charting
The guidelines and strategies provided by the American Nurses Association (ANA) and the Canadian Nurses Association (CNA) offer essential principles for ensuring safe and secure computer charting systems in healthcare settings. Let's break down each recommendation:
Maintain Confidentiality and Security:
Maintain Confidentiality and Security:
01:14Pharmacodynamic Models: Link Model and Systems Pharmacodynamic Model
The link model is a fundamental pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK–PD) approach to account for delayed drug responses when the observed effect does not immediately correlate with the drug's plasma concentration peak. This delay is mathematically addressed by introducing an effect compartment concentration, Ce, which is kinetically linked to the plasma concentration, Cp, via a first-order rate constant, ke0. The linkage allows for a more accurate prediction of drug effects over time. A higher...
01:26Pharmacokinetic Models: Comparison and Selection Criterion
Physiological and compartmental models are valuable tools used in studying biological systems. These models rely on differential equations to maintain mass balance within the system, ensuring an accurate representation of the dynamic processes at play.
Physiological models take a detailed approach by considering specific molecular processes. They can predict drug distribution, metabolism, and elimination changes, providing a comprehensive understanding of how drugs interact with the body.
Physiological models take a detailed approach by considering specific molecular processes. They can predict drug distribution, metabolism, and elimination changes, providing a comprehensive understanding of how drugs interact with the body.