Electron microscopical evaluation of connective tissue healing to periodontally involved teeth

The present study was undertaken to examine if our novel root treatment for human periodontally involved teeth can facilitate a new connective tissue attachment. The novel treatment was in two parts: 1) planning and surface decalcification with citric acid on the coronal quarter of the exposed root corresponding to pocket, and 2) curettage of superficial cementum of the apical three quarters of the exposed root. The interface of the root surface and regenerating connective tissue was observed 2 and 3 weeks after surgery by light and electron microscopy. The apical migration of junctional epithelium was effectively prevented. The fibroblasts synthesized new fibrillar materials and collagen fibrils towards the curetted cementum. The results suggested the possibility that this treatment for periodontally involved teeth would provide ideal root surface conditions for the formation of new fibrous attachment.