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Related Concept Videos

Lineage Commitment01:21

Lineage Commitment

Commitment is the  process whereby stem cells:
Notch Signaling Pathway03:14

Notch Signaling Pathway

The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
The Notch gene came into the limelight in 1914 after the discovery that its mutation in Drosophila melanogaster leads to a serrated (or "notched") wing margin phenotype. It was not until 1985...
Notch Signaling Pathway03:14

Notch Signaling Pathway

The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
The Notch gene came into the limelight in 1914 after the discovery that its mutation in Drosophila melanogaster leads to a serrated (or "notched") wing margin phenotype. It was not until 1985...
Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal01:12

Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal

Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...
Diversity in Cell Signaling Responses01:22

Diversity in Cell Signaling Responses

The physiological function of a cell and cellular communication are outcomes of a range of extrinsic signals, intracellular signaling pathways, and cellular responses. No two cell types express the same repertoire of signaling components. Receptors are highly selective for their cognate ligands, but once activated, they can alter multiple cellular processes such as DNA transcription, protein synthesis, and metabolic activity. 
Graded and Abrupt Responses
Some signaling systems generate...
Stem Cell Niche01:26

Stem Cell Niche

The stem cell niche is the dynamic microenvironment where stem cells reside. Inside these niches, the cells may remain undifferentiated, undergo high self-renewal, or become lineage-specific progenitors. Stem cells coexist with other niche cells, such as stromal cells. They also interact closely with the ECM. Cell-cell and cell-matrix communication occur via adhesion molecules or soluble factors that signal the stem cells and determine their fate. Stromal cells also provide survival signals to...

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Oct4GiP Reporter Assay to Study Genes that Regulate Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell Maintenance and Self-renewal
08:01

Oct4GiP Reporter Assay to Study Genes that Regulate Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell Maintenance and Self-renewal

Published on: May 30, 2012

Signaling pathways governing stem-cell fate.

Ulrika Blank1, Göran Karlsson, Stefan Karlsson

  • 1Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Lund Strategic Research Center for Stem Cell Biology and Cell Therapy, Lund University Hospital, Sweden.

Blood
|October 5, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are regulated by signaling pathways like Notch and Wnt. Understanding these molecular mechanisms in the bone marrow niche is crucial for controlling HSC self-renewal and differentiation.

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Area of Science:

  • Stem cell biology
  • Hematopoiesis
  • Molecular signaling

Background:

  • Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are a well-studied adult stem cell type, serving as a model for stem cell biology.
  • Despite functional definition and purification, the molecular machinery regulating HSC fate remains elusive.
  • The bone marrow microenvironment provides a niche crucial for HSC regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent developments in signaling pathways governing HSC fate.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms controlling HSC self-renewal and differentiation.
  • To understand how the bone marrow microenvironment integrates intrinsic and extrinsic HSC fate determinants.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature on HSC signaling pathways.
  • Analysis of conserved signaling pathways including Notch, Wnt, Sonic hedgehog (Shh), and Smad.
  • Examination of the bone marrow microenvironment's role in HSC regulation.

Main Results:

  • Notch, Wnt, Shh, and Smad pathways are key regulators of HSC fate.
  • These pathways interact within the bone marrow niche to balance self-renewal and differentiation signals.
  • Recent research has shed light on the intricate molecular machinery controlling HSC behavior.

Conclusions:

  • Signaling pathways are critical for understanding HSC regulation.
  • The bone marrow niche plays an integral role in coordinating HSC fate.
  • Further research into these pathways will advance stem cell biology and therapeutic applications.