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Malignancy and rheumatoid arthritis.

Johan Askling1

  • 1Clinical Epidemiology Unit M9:01, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden. johan.askling@ki.se

Current Rheumatology Reports
|October 5, 2007
PubMed
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Cancer occurs in one in five rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, often unrelated to RA. Some cancers are linked to RA risk factors or, less commonly, the disease or its treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Oncology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease.
  • Cancer incidence is elevated in RA patients compared to the general population.
  • Understanding cancer risk in RA is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of cancer occurrence in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients.
  • To explore potential causal links between RA, its treatments, and cancer development.
  • To summarize associations with traditional and novel RA therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of epidemiological studies and clinical data.
  • Analysis of cancer incidence rates in RA cohorts.
  • Evaluation of evidence linking RA disease activity and treatments to specific cancers.

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Main Results:

  • Approximately 20% of RA patients are diagnosed with cancer post-RA diagnosis.
  • Most cancers in RA patients represent background population risk.
  • A subset of cancers show potential causal links to RA itself or its therapeutic interventions.

Conclusions:

  • Cancer is a significant comorbidity in rheumatoid arthritis.
  • While many cancers are incidental, a fraction are causally linked to RA or its treatments.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate specific mechanisms and guide clinical practice.