Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids01:21

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids

Glucocorticoids, a class of anti-inflammatory drugs, are pivotal in treating moderate to severe Crohn's disease by inducing remission. They exhibit their anti-inflammatory action by inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, and chemokines like IL-8. In addition, they reduce the expression of inflammatory cell adhesion molecules and inhibit gene transcription of nitric oxide synthase, phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2),...
Antiasthma Drugs: Inhaled Corticosteroids and Glucocorticoids01:25

Antiasthma Drugs: Inhaled Corticosteroids and Glucocorticoids

Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are anti-inflammatory drugs used primarily in treating persistent asthma and providing long-term maintenance. They target the bronchial mucosa, the lining of the airways, to control inflammation, a critical factor in asthma progression and exacerbation.
ICS work through a multifaceted mechanism of action. They suppress the inflammatory response caused by the proliferation of TH cells. They also reduce the transcription of the IL-2 gene, which is involved in the...
Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides01:06

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides

Repaglinide (Prandin) and Nateglinide (Starlix), known as glinides, are oral insulin secretagogues that stimulate insulin release from pancreatic β cells by closing the ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP channel). Repaglinide controls insulin release from pancreatic β cells by managing potassium efflux. It shares two binding sites with sulfonylureas and also has a unique site, indicating overlapping mechanisms of action. With a rapid onset and a 4-7 hour duration, it effectively manages...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Recurrent Primary Hyperparathyroidism in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 Syndrome.

Physiological research·2023
Same author

Body composition is associated with bone and glucose metabolism in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Physiological research·2016
Same author

Inflammatory markers in primary aldosteronism.

Physiological research·2015
Same author

Impaired ambulation and steroid therapy impact negatively on bone health in multiple sclerosis.

European journal of neurology·2014
Same author

Bone mineral density and body composition in men with multiple sclerosis chronically treated with low-dose glucocorticoids.

Physiological research·2012
Same author

Effects of morning vs. evening teriparatide injection on bone mineral density and bone turnover markers in postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA·2012

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Tension-Free Weight-Bearing Model of Steroid-Induced Osteonecrosis of Femoral Head in Rats
05:55

Tension-Free Weight-Bearing Model of Steroid-Induced Osteonecrosis of Femoral Head in Rats

Published on: September 27, 2024

[Glucocorticoids and osteoporosis].

V Zikán1

  • 1III. Interní klinika 1. lékarské fakulty UK a VFN Praha. vitzikan@hotmail.com

Vnitrni Lekarstvi
|October 6, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Glucocorticoids (GC) increase fracture risk, independent of bone density, by inhibiting bone formation and increasing cell death. Future treatments may focus on stimulating bone formation rather than just slowing bone loss.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Rheumatology
  • Bone Biology

Context:

  • Glucocorticoids (GC) are essential anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive drugs.
  • Long-term GC therapy is associated with a significant risk of osteoporosis and fractures, particularly of the vertebrae and ribs.
  • This fracture risk increases early in therapy, dose-dependently, and even at low prednisone doses (2.5-7.5 mg/day).

Purpose:

  • To review the mechanisms of GC-induced osteoporosis and associated fracture risk.
  • To discuss current diagnostic and management strategies.
  • To highlight emerging therapeutic approaches.

Summary:

  • GC-induced osteoporosis is characterized by inhibited bone formation and increased osteoblast and osteocyte apoptosis, not solely by decreased bone mineral density (BMD).

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Tension-Free Weight-Bearing Model of Steroid-Induced Osteonecrosis of Femoral Head in Rats
05:55

Tension-Free Weight-Bearing Model of Steroid-Induced Osteonecrosis of Femoral Head in Rats

Published on: September 27, 2024

  • Fractures occur even with higher BMD values compared to primary osteoporosis, indicating a bone quality issue.
  • Current management includes densitometry (DXA), adequate calcium and vitamin D intake, and consideration of hormone replacement.
  • Bisphosphonates are used but do not address the root cause; bone-formation stimulating agents are preferred.

    • Impact:

    • Identifies the need for better tools to quantify bone quality changes and fracture risk in GC-treated patients.
    • Recommends baseline DXA and supplementation for patients on long-term GC therapy.
    • Suggests that future therapies should focus on stimulating osteoblast activity, with parathyroid hormone (PTH 1-34) showing promise.