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Related Concept Videos

Tissue Renewal without Stem Cells01:23

Tissue Renewal without Stem Cells

After cellular or tissue damage, the resident stem cells present in the human body can locally repair and regenerate the damaged tissue or organ. However, even though some tissues do not have stem cells, they can repair and regenerate with the help of pre-existing cells. For example, beta cells of the pancreas and hepatocytes of the liver can divide to renew and regenerate the tissue. Here, both cell division and cell death are well regulated by homeostasis.
However, failure of such a system...
Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue01:15

Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue

In the CNS, neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from stem cells, is limited to the hippocampus in adults. In other regions of the brain and spinal cord, neurogenesis is almost non-existent due to inhibitory influences from neuroglia, especially oligodendrocytes, and the absence of growth-stimulating cues. The myelin produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibits neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, astrocytes proliferate rapidly after neuronal damage, forming scar tissue that physically...
Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming01:29

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012 for this...
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Whole Body Regeneration

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Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming

Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for injury repair.
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Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

A High-content In Vitro Pancreatic Islet &#946;-cell Replication Discovery Platform
09:35

A High-content In Vitro Pancreatic Islet β-cell Replication Discovery Platform

Published on: July 16, 2016

beta-cell Regeneration: neogenesis, replication or both?

Fred Levine1, Pamela Itkin-Ansari

  • 1UCSD School of Medicine, Pediatrics, La Jolla, CA, USA. flevine@ucsd.edu

Journal of Molecular Medicine (Berlin, Germany)
|October 9, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Diabetes therapy aims to regenerate beta-cells, the cells lost in both type I and type II diabetes. Research explores if new beta-cells arise from existing ones or from precursor cells, crucial for diabetes treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Diabetes Research

Background:

  • Type I and type II diabetes involve beta-cell loss and dysfunction.
  • A key therapeutic goal is beta-cell regeneration for transplantation or in vivo therapy.
  • Understanding the mechanisms of beta-cell regeneration is critical for diabetes treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the origins of new beta-cells in the pancreas.
  • To determine if beta-cell regeneration occurs via replication of existing cells or neogenesis from precursors.
  • To explore the potential for inducing endocrine differentiation in nonendocrine pancreatic cells.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing lineage-tracing studies to track beta-cell origins.
  • Analyzing studies on insulin-positive cells outside of islets to infer neogenesis.

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Surgical Injury to the Mouse Pancreas through Ligation of the Pancreatic Duct as a Model for Endocrine and Exocrine Reprogramming and Proliferation
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Surgical Injury to the Mouse Pancreas through Ligation of the Pancreatic Duct as a Model for Endocrine and Exocrine Reprogramming and Proliferation

Published on: August 7, 2015

Assessing Replication and Beta Cell Function in Adenovirally-transduced Isolated Rodent Islets
09:31

Assessing Replication and Beta Cell Function in Adenovirally-transduced Isolated Rodent Islets

Published on: June 25, 2012

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 11, 2026

A High-content In Vitro Pancreatic Islet &#946;-cell Replication Discovery Platform
09:35

A High-content In Vitro Pancreatic Islet β-cell Replication Discovery Platform

Published on: July 16, 2016

Surgical Injury to the Mouse Pancreas through Ligation of the Pancreatic Duct as a Model for Endocrine and Exocrine Reprogramming and Proliferation
07:44

Surgical Injury to the Mouse Pancreas through Ligation of the Pancreatic Duct as a Model for Endocrine and Exocrine Reprogramming and Proliferation

Published on: August 7, 2015

Assessing Replication and Beta Cell Function in Adenovirally-transduced Isolated Rodent Islets
09:31

Assessing Replication and Beta Cell Function in Adenovirally-transduced Isolated Rodent Islets

Published on: June 25, 2012

  • Conducting experiments involving inductive factors from the human fetal pancreas to stimulate nonendocrine cell differentiation.

    • Main Results:

    • Lineage-tracing studies predominantly support beta-cell replication as the source of new beta-cells.
    • Previous studies suggested neogenesis from precursors based on ectopic insulin-positive cells.
    • Recent findings indicate that nonendocrine pancreatic epithelial cells can differentiate into endocrine cells under specific inductive influences.

    Conclusions:

    • The precise mechanisms of beta-cell regeneration (replication vs. neogenesis) remain a significant area of investigation.
    • Beta-cells may regenerate through both replication and neogenesis, potentially influenced by different stimuli.
    • Further understanding of beta-cell regeneration control is essential for developing effective diabetes therapies involving beta-cell replacement.