Immunogenicity of recombinant Bacillus subtilis spores expressing Clonorchis sinensis tegumental protein

Clonorchis sinensis, which causes clonorchiasis, is of major socioeconomic importance in China. In this study, we report the use of CotC, a major component of the Bacillus subtilis spore coat, as a fusion partner for the expression of C. sinensis TP20.8 (Tegumental Protein 20.8 kDa) on the spore coat. Western blotting was used to identify TP20.8 surface expression on spores. Recombinant spores displaying the TP20.8 antigen were used for oral immunization and were shown to generate mucosal response in rats. TP20.8-specific secretory IgA in feces reached significant levels 2 weeks after oral dosing. This report shows that surface display of recombinant C. sinensis TP20.8 on B. subtilis spores was immunogenic and B. subtilis spores can be used as a mucosal immunization vehicle for parasite prevention and control.