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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Photoselective Vaporesection of the Prostate via an End-firing Lithium Triborate Crystal Laser
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Microwave thermotherapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia.

R M Hoffman1, M Monga, S P Elliot

  • 1New Mexico VA Health Care System, General Internal Medicine 111GIM, 1501 San Pedro Drive SE, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87108, USA. rhoffman@unm.edu

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|October 19, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT) offers a less invasive option for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) symptoms, showing effectiveness comparable to alpha-blockers. While TURP provides greater symptom relief, TUMT has a lower risk of certain side effects.

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Minimally Invasive Surgery
  • Medical Device Technology

Background:

  • Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is the standard for symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), but carries significant morbidity.
  • Less invasive treatments are sought for BPH, with microwave thermotherapy showing promise.
  • Microwave thermotherapy uses targeted energy to induce coagulation necrosis in prostatic tissue.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of microwave thermotherapy techniques for men with symptomatic benign prostatic obstruction.
  • To compare microwave thermotherapy outcomes against established treatments like TURP, sham procedures, and medications.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted using major medical databases and expert consultation.

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Last Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Photoselective Vaporesection of the Prostate via an End-firing Lithium Triborate Crystal Laser
07:17

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  • Included RCTs compared transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT) with TURP, sham procedures, or alpha-blockers.
  • Outcomes assessed included urinary symptoms, flow rates, prostate volume, mortality, morbidity, and retreatment rates.

    • Main Results:

    • Fourteen studies (1493 patients) were analyzed, comparing TUMT with TURP, sham procedures, or alpha-blockers.
    • TURP demonstrated superior improvements in symptom scores and urinary flow rates compared to TUMT.
    • TUMT showed reduced risks of retrograde ejaculation and TURP-related complications but higher rates of dysuria, retention, and retreatment.

    Conclusions:

    • Microwave thermotherapy is an effective alternative to TURP and alpha-blockers for select BPH patients (no prior retention/procedures, prostate volume 30-100 mL).
    • TURP offers greater symptom and flow improvement and reduces re-treatment needs compared to TUMT.
    • Further research is needed to address limitations in study design and understand the impact of patient/device variables on treatment response.