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Related Concept Videos

Correlation between ECG and Cardiac Cycle01:25

Correlation between ECG and Cardiac Cycle

The electrical signals recorded on an electrocardiogram (ECG) occur before the mechanical processes of contraction and relaxation during the cardiac cycle.
A cardiac action potential originates in the SA node and spreads throughout the atria and the AV node in approximately 0.03 seconds. This results in the P wave in an ECG and triggers atrial contraction. The action potential is then briefly slowed at the AV node, allowing the atria to contract and fill the ventricles with blood before...
ECG Interpretation of Rhythms01:24

ECG Interpretation of Rhythms

An electrocardiogram (ECG)graphically represents the heart's electrical activity on ECG paper or a monitor.
Components of the Electrocardiogram
The primary components of a normal ECG waveform in Normal sinus rhythm(NSR) include the P wave, PR interval, QRS complex, ST segment, T wave, and occasionally a U wave.
ECG waveforms are divided by vertical and horizontal lines at standard intervals.
The horizontal axis measures time and rate, and the vertical axis measures amplitude or voltage. When...
Electrocardiogram01:29

Electrocardiogram

An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a critical diagnostic tool that records the electrical signals produced by the heart during each heartbeat. This recording is achieved through electrodes placed strategically on the arms, legs, and chest. The electrocardiograph amplifies these signals and produces 12 distinct tracings, offering a comprehensive understanding of the heart's electrical activity.
Three major waveforms are present in a typical ECG recording: the P wave, the QRS complex, and the T...
Electrocardiogram Fundamentals01:28

Electrocardiogram Fundamentals

Introduction
An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a diagnostic tool for identifying cardiac conditions such as arrhythmias, conduction abnormalities, and myocardial ischemia.
Definition
An electrocardiogram (ECG) visualizes the heart's electrical activity by tracing the electrical movement associated with each heartbeat on a graph or monitor. As the heart beats, an electrical wave passes through it, correlating with the cardiac cycle events.
Parts of an ECG
An ECG utilizes electrodes on the skin to...
Pulse rhythm01:30

Pulse rhythm

Pulse rhythm refers to the pattern of pulsations within specific intervals, offering valuable insights into the regularity or irregularity of the heart's beats as observed through the pattern of pulsation within specific intervals. A regular pulse exhibits a consistent heart rate with uniform waveforms and pulsation force, variations of which can be classified as normal, weak, or bounding.
Conversely, an irregular pulse pattern is termed dysrhythmia, stemming from disruptions in cardiac muscle...
ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias01:25

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias

Arrhythmia is a condition characterized by an irregular heart rhythm, with ECG changes that differ based on its origin and nature. The types of arrhythmias discussed below include atrial, junctional, and ventricular arrhythmias.Atrial ArrhythmiasPremature Atrial Complexes (PACs): PACs are early atrial beats caused by stress, caffeine, alcohol, electrolyte imbalances, hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, or certain medications (e.g., bronchodilators and decongestants). The ECG shows early P waves with an...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

BrainBeats as an Open-Source EEGLAB Plugin to Jointly Analyze EEG and Cardiovascular Signals
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BrainBeats as an Open-Source EEGLAB Plugin to Jointly Analyze EEG and Cardiovascular Signals

Published on: April 26, 2024

Multiple ECG beats recognition in the frequency domain using grey relational analysis.

Chia-Hung Lin1, Yi-Chun Du, Yung-Fu Chen

  • 1Dept. of Electr. Eng., Kao-Yuan Univ., Kaohsiung 821, Taiwan.

Conference Proceedings : ... Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual Conference
|October 20, 2007
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel grey relational analysis (GRA) method for recognizing multiple electrocardiogram (ECG) beats. The approach accurately detects various cardiac arrhythmias using frequency-domain analysis of ECG signals.

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BrainBeats as an Open-Source EEGLAB Plugin to Jointly Analyze EEG and Cardiovascular Signals
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Analyzing Long-Term Electrocardiography Recordings to Detect Arrhythmias in Mice
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Analyzing Long-Term Electrocardiography Recordings to Detect Arrhythmias in Mice

Published on: May 23, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cardiology
  • Signal Processing

Background:

  • Accurate electrocardiogram (ECG) analysis is crucial for diagnosing cardiac arrhythmias.
  • Current methods may face challenges in distinguishing between various types of ectopic beats.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and evaluate a novel non-invasive method for multiple ECG beat recognition using grey relational analysis (GRA).
  • To assess the efficiency and accuracy of the GRA method in identifying different cardiac arrhythmias.

Main Methods:

  • ECG signals are processed to extract QRS complexes.
  • QRS complexes are converted into Fourier spectra within the 0 Hz-20 Hz frequency range.
  • Grey relational analysis (GRA) is applied to frequency-domain parameters for beat classification.

Main Results:

  • The GRA method demonstrated high accuracy in detecting various cardiac arrhythmias, including supraventricular ectopic beats, bundle branch ectopic beats, ventricular ectopic beats, and fusion beats.
  • Testing on the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database confirmed the method's efficiency.
  • The non-invasive nature of the method was validated.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed GRA-based method is an efficient and accurate technique for recognizing multiple ECG beats.
  • This approach offers a promising non-invasive tool for cardiac arrhythmia detection and diagnosis.