Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Constructing Mutants in Serotype 1 Streptococcus pneumoniae strain 519/43
06:06

Constructing Mutants in Serotype 1 Streptococcus pneumoniae strain 519/43

Published on: September 11, 2020

Emergence of antimicrobial-resistant serotype 19A Streptococcus pneumoniae--Massachusetts, 2001-2006

    MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
    |October 20, 2007
    PubMed

    Insights

    Antimicrobial resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) serotypes not covered by the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) is a growing concern. Despite increased resistance in non-PCV7 types, overall invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) rates remained stable.

    Area of Science:

    • Infectious Diseases
    • Microbiology
    • Vaccinology

    Background:

    • Streptococcus pneumoniae causes otitis, sinusitis, pneumonia, and meningitis globally.
    • Antimicrobial resistance complicates treatment of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD).
    • The heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) reduced non-susceptible IPD post-2000.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To examine trends and clinical characteristics of antimicrobial-nonsusceptible, non-PCV7 type IPD in Massachusetts.
    • To assess the impact of PCV7 on antimicrobial resistance patterns in Streptococcus pneumoniae.

    Main Methods:

    • Surveillance of IPD cases in Massachusetts from 2001-2006.
    • Analysis of antimicrobial resistance patterns in pneumococcal isolates.
    • Evaluation of clinical outcomes for patients with IPD.

    Main Results:

    • Increased incidence of antimicrobial-nonsusceptible IPD caused by non-PCV7 serotypes (notably 19A) in children.
    • Overall IPD rates remained stable despite rising antimicrobial resistance in specific serotypes.
    • Clinical outcomes for IPD were comparable between antimicrobial-susceptible and nonsusceptible S. pneumoniae infections.

    Conclusions:

    • Antimicrobial resistance in non-PCV7 serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae is a significant concern.
    • While PCV7 is effective, continued surveillance for emerging resistance is crucial.
    • Further research into alternative or broader-spectrum vaccines may be warranted.

    More Related Videos

    Following in Real Time the Impact of Pneumococcal Virulence Factors in an Acute Mouse Pneumonia Model Using Bioluminescent Bacteria11:32

    Following in Real Time the Impact of Pneumococcal Virulence Factors in an Acute Mouse Pneumonia Model Using Bioluminescent Bacteria

    Published on: February 23, 2014

    Related Concept Videos

    Atypical Pneumonia01:14

    Atypical Pneumonia

    Atypical pneumonia, often caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, is a form of pulmonary infection that differs from the classical presentation of bacterial pneumonia in both its cause and clinical symptoms. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a pleomorphic bacterium notable for its lack of a rigid cell wall. This structural characteristic imparts resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics and significantly influences the bacterium’s behavior within the human host.Other pathogens responsible for the disease include...
    Mechanism of Antibiotic Resistance in MRSA01:25

    Mechanism of Antibiotic Resistance in MRSA

    Antibiotic resistance in bacteria arises when microorganisms evolve the ability to withstand drugs designed to kill them or inhibit their growth, rendering once-effective treatments useless. This phenomenon, driven by genetic change and selection under antibiotic exposure, poses a profound threat to modern medicine. Mechanisms include drug-inactivating enzymes (e.g., β-lactamases), efflux pumps that eject antibiotics, mutations altering antibiotic targets, decreased drug uptake, and acquisition...
    Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance01:25

    Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance

    Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presents a critical public health threat, arising from its capacity to resist β-lactam antibiotics due to acquisition of the mecA gene within the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). This gene encodes penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), which impairs binding efficacy of methicillin and other β-lactams. MRSA has evolved into distinct clonal lineages impacting humans and animals alike, reinforcing its significance within the One...
    Pneumonia I: Introduction01:29

    Pneumonia I: Introduction

    Pneumonia is an infection of the lower respiratory tract that leads to inflammation of the lung parenchyma, often resulting in the accumulation of inflammatory exudate in the alveoli and airways. Unlike the watery, low-protein fluid exudate in pulmonary edema, the exudate in this case is a thick fluid rich in immune cells, proteins, and debris produced during infection and inflammation.This impairs gas exchange and can lead to consolidation of lung tissue. The infection may be caused by a...
    Pneumonia I: Introduction01:30

    Pneumonia I: Introduction

    Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
    Risk Factors
    Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
    Development of Antibiotic Resistance01:30

    Development of Antibiotic Resistance

    Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern that arises when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the effects of antibiotic treatments. This resistance can be intrinsic, acquired through genetic mutations, or transferred between bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. The development of antibiotic resistance poses significant challenges in treating bacterial infections and necessitates ongoing research to develop new therapeutic strategies.Intrinsic resistance occurs when bacterial...