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Increasing the performance of cortically-controlled prostheses.

Krishna V Shenoy1, Gopal Santhanam, Stephen I Ryu

  • 1Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. shenoy@stanford.edu

Conference Proceedings : ... Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual Conference
|December 6, 2007
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This study enhances neural prostheses for disabled patients by improving electrode performance. Advanced methods achieve high-rate control signals, boosting the clinical viability of brain-computer interfaces.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Neuroscience
  • Rehabilitation Technology

Background:

  • Neural prostheses offer life-changing potential for severely disabled individuals.
  • Cortically-controlled prostheses translate brain activity into device control.
  • Invasive electrodes offer superior performance for neural prostheses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a principled design methodology for enhancing electrode-based cortical prosthesis performance.
  • To achieve near-theoretical limits in neural prosthesis functionality.
  • To increase the clinical viability of neural prostheses.

Main Methods:

  • Translating brief neural 'plan' activity into high information rate control signals (6.5 bits/s).
  • Improving decoding algorithms for neural data interpretation.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Optimizing visual target locations to enhance prosthesis control.
  • Recording from chronically implanted electrode arrays in freely behaving monkeys to assess neuron stability.

    • Main Results:

    • Achieved high information rate control signals from minimal neural activity.
    • Demonstrated improvements in decoding algorithms and visual target optimization.
    • Characterized neuron stability in chronic implants, crucial for long-term function.
    • Established a design methodology to push prosthesis performance towards theoretical maximums.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed methods significantly enhance the performance of electrode-based neural prostheses.
    • Improved neuron stability and decoding strategies increase clinical viability.
    • These advancements pave the way for more functional and accessible neural prosthetics.