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Related Concept Videos

Homeostatic Imbalances in Body Temperature01:19

Homeostatic Imbalances in Body Temperature

Hyperthermia occurs when the body's temperature becomes unusually high, often due to heat exposure, intense physical activity, or certain illnesses. This condition can create a dangerous cycle where elevated body temperature increases the metabolic rate, generating more heat and potentially leading to organ failure and brain damage. A severe form of hyperthermia, called heat stroke, can raise body temperature to life-threatening levels. Fever, on the other hand, is a controlled form of...
Increased Body Temperature01:25

Increased Body Temperature

A body temperature above  38°C  (100.4 °F) is known as fever or pyrexia, and a person with fever is termed 'febrile.' Typically, the hypothalamus, a part of the brain that acts as the body's thermostat, regulates body temperature through a thermoregulatory setpoint. It receives signals from cold and warm thermal receptors throughout the body and adjusts the body's temperature accordingly. Fever occurs when this hypothalamic setpoint is altered, usually in response to an infection or illness.
Thermoregulation01:26

Thermoregulation

The human body has a sophisticated thermoregulation system that employs negative feedback mechanisms to maintain an optimal core temperature. When the core temperature drops, peripheral and central thermoreceptors send signals to the hypothalamus, activating the heat-promoting center. This center triggers several responses aimed at increasing the core temperature. First, vasoconstriction reduces the flow of warm blood from internal organs to the skin so that the heat is not lost from the skin,...
Decreased Body Temperature01:29

Decreased Body Temperature

A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by sustained extreme cold exposure, and severe...
Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:27

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hyperthyroidism is a hypermetabolic state caused by elevated levels of thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). It results from dysregulation at the thyroid, pituitary, or immune system level and affects multiple organ systems.PathophysiologyThe most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disorder in which antibodies, specifically thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb), a subtype of TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb), bind to and activate TSH receptors...
Types of Fever01:25

Types of Fever

Fever can be triggered by several factors, including infections, nervous system disorders, certain cancers, blood diseases like leukemia, embolism, thrombosis, heatstroke, dehydration, surgical trauma, crushing injuries, and allergic reactions.
Here are the different types of fever:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

A Preclinical Model of Exertional Heat Stroke in Mice
08:22

A Preclinical Model of Exertional Heat Stroke in Mice

Published on: July 1, 2021

Hyperthermia and fatigue.

Lars Nybo1

  • 1Department of Human Physiology, Institute of Exercise and Sport Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 13, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark. lnnielsen@aki.ku.dk

Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|October 27, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Hyperthermia impairs performance by affecting cardiovascular function during intense exercise and central nervous system (CNS) function during prolonged heat exposure. Brain temperature increases appear to be a key factor in CNS fatigue during heat stress.

Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Environmental Stressors
  • Human Performance

Background:

  • Hyperthermia, or elevated body temperature, significantly impacts physiological responses during physical exertion.
  • Understanding fatigue mechanisms is crucial for optimizing performance and safety in hot environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms underlying hyperthermia-induced fatigue during both short, intense activities and prolonged exercise in heat.
  • To differentiate the primary drivers of fatigue in different exercise scenarios under heat stress.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on physiological responses to exercise in heat.
  • Analysis of cardiovascular, metabolic, and central nervous system (CNS) factors contributing to fatigue.

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Main Results:

  • Intense exercise in heat impairs performance primarily through cardiovascular strain, reducing oxygen delivery and leading to peripheral fatigue.
  • Prolonged exercise in heat involves less peripheral metabolic disturbance but significant CNS fatigue, potentially driven by increased brain temperature.
  • Central nervous system fatigue appears linked to hypothalamic signals and neurotransmitter activity, influenced by rising brain temperature.

Conclusions:

  • Fatigue during exercise in heat is a complex, integrated phenomenon involving both central and peripheral physiological factors.
  • Brain temperature is a critical factor in central nervous system fatigue during prolonged heat exposure.
  • Psychological aspects and the interplay between central and peripheral systems are important considerations in understanding exercise fatigue.