[Rhodococcus equi pneumonia in an HIV+ patient: An uncommon association]

The human infection by Rhodococcus equi, even in the presence of HIV infection, remains a rare disease. The authors present a case report of pneumonia, occurring in a HIV+ man. After identifying Pneumocystis jiroveci in the BAL, despite proper medication, the patient didn't improve. Another BAL was performed and a Rhodococcus equi isolated. The therapeutic regimen was changed according to this finding and the patient improved. The authors make a review of the literature, focusing on the rarity of this association and the high survival observed.