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Related Concept Videos

Genome Annotation and Assembly03:36

Genome Annotation and Assembly

The genome refers to all of the genetic material in an organism. It can range from a few million base pairs in microbial cells to several billion base pairs in many eukaryotic organisms. Genome assembly refers to the process of taking the DNA sequencing data and putting it all back together in a correct order to create a close representation of the original genome. This is followed by the identification of functional elements on the newly assembled genome, a process called genome annotation.
Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
Genomics02:02

Genomics

Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes03:21

Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes

While every living organism has a genome of some kind (be it RNA, or DNA), there is considerable variation in the sizes of these blueprints. One major factor that impacts genome size is whether the organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. In prokaryotes, the genome contains little to no non-coding sequence, such that genes are tightly clustered in groups or operons sequentially along the chromosome. Conversely, the genes in eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of non-coding sequence.
Multi-species Conserved Sequences02:51

Multi-species Conserved Sequences

Next-generation sequencing technologies have created large genomic databases of a variety of animals and plants. Ever since the human genome project was completed, scientists studied the genome of primates, mammals, and other phylogenetically distant living beings. Such large-scale  studies have provided new insights into the evolutionary relationship between organisms.
Although the genome of each species varies greatly from each other, a few sequences are highly conserved. Such conserved DNA...

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Related Experiment Video

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Pattern-based Search of Epigenomic Data Using GeNemo
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Genome browsing with Ensembl: a practical overview.

Giulietta Spudich1, Xosé M Fernández-Suárez, Ewan Birney

  • 1EMBL Outstation-EBI, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB101SD, UK.

Briefings in Functional Genomics & Proteomics
|October 31, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Ensembl organizes vast public gene data using experimental evidence for over 30 species. This genome browser offers accessible gene information through its website and database queries.

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Public databases are accumulating extensive gene information.
  • Organizing and visualizing genomic data is crucial for research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce Ensembl as a tool for organizing and depicting gene information.
  • To highlight Ensembl's comprehensive, evidence-based gene set and accessibility.

Main Methods:

  • Development of an open-source gene set based on experimental evidence.
  • Integration of gene and annotation data for multiple species.
  • Provision of access via a web browser, Perl API, MySQL, and BioMart.

Main Results:

  • Ensembl offers a curated gene set for over 30 species, primarily vertebrates.
  • Gene information and annotation are readily available through multiple access points.

Conclusions:

  • Ensembl serves as a vital resource for navigating and utilizing complex genomic data.
  • The platform facilitates research by providing organized, accessible gene information.