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Iodine deficiency in urban slums of Bhubaneswar

P G S Sethy1, G Bulliyya, G Mallick

  • 1Regional Medical Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bhubaneswar, India.

Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|November 6, 2007
PubMed

Insights

Goiter and iodine deficiency are prevalent in Bhubaneswar school children, indicating moderate deficiency despite salt iodization programs. Improved monitoring and awareness are crucial for prevention.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Nutritional Epidemiology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Goiter and iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) remain a public health concern globally.
  • Urban slums may present unique challenges for nutritional interventions.
  • Assessing IDD prevalence is vital for targeted public health strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of goiter and iodine deficiency in school children (6-12 years) in urban slums of Bhubaneswar, Odisha.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of the ongoing salt iodization program in the study population.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study utilizing 30-cluster sampling methodology.
  • Measurements included total goiter rate (TGR), urinary iodine concentration (UIC), and edible salt iodine content.
  • Surveillance methods recommended by WHO/ICCIDD/UNICEF were employed.

Main Results:

  • Goiter prevalence was 23.6%, with higher rates in older children (10-12 years) and those from scheduled caste/tribe communities.
  • Median urinary iodine concentration (UIC) was 50.0 microg/l, with 85.7% of children showing biochemical iodine deficiency.
  • Only 51% of children consumed salt with the stipulated 15 ppm iodine content.

Conclusions:

  • The study reveals moderate iodine deficiency in Bhubaneswar's urban slum school children, despite a long-standing salt iodization program.
  • There is a clear need to strengthen the monitoring of salt iodization quality and enhance public awareness.
  • Effective interventions are required for sustainable prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders.
Abstract

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