Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Gas Chromatography: Introduction01:13

Gas Chromatography: Introduction

Gas chromatography (GC) is a technique for separating and analyzing volatile compounds in a sample. Its primary purpose is to identify and quantify components in complex mixtures, making it essential in fields such as environmental analysis, pharmaceuticals, and petrochemicals. GC is also called vapor-phase chromatography (VPC) or gas-liquid partition chromatography (GLPC).
In GC,  a sample is vaporized and mixed with an inert carrier gas (the mobile phase), which transports it through a column.
Gas Chromatography: Overview of Detectors01:13

Gas Chromatography: Overview of Detectors

Detectors in gas chromatography (GC) help identify and quantify the components of a mixture by translating chemical properties into measurable signals, which are displayed on a chromatogram. Detectors can be categorized into two main types: destructive and non-destructive.
A non-destructive detector allows a sample to be analyzed without altering or consuming it, meaning the sample can be collected after detection for further analysis. Examples include thermal conductivity detectors and...
Gas Chromatography: Types of Detectors-II01:19

Gas Chromatography: Types of Detectors-II

In gas chromatography, different detectors are employed to meet specific analytical needs. These detectors are often categorized based on their detection mechanisms and the types of compounds they are best suited to analyze. Thermal Conductivity Detectors (TCD), Flame Ionization Detectors (FID), and Electron Capture Detectors (ECD) represent common categories, each with unique operating principles and applications. However, beyond these, several other detectors are designed for more specialized...
Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS)01:14

Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS)

Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) is the combination of analytical techniques of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry in a single instrument for analyzing a mixture of compounds. The gas chromatograph separates the compounds in the mixture, and the mass spectrometer analyzes each compound separately to determine the molecular masses and molecular structures.
A gas chromatograph consists of a long, narrow capillary column with a polysiloxane coating on the inner wall. The coating...
Gas Chromatography: Types of Detectors-I01:21

Gas Chromatography: Types of Detectors-I

There are different types of detectors used in gas chromatography, each with its own specific properties that make it suitable for detecting certain types of analytes. The most commonly used detectors in GC are thermal conductivity detector (TCD), flame ionization detector (FID), and electron capture detector (ECD).
TCD is the earliest and most widely used detector that operates by measuring the changes in the thermal conductivity of the carrier gas. When a sample compound enters the detector,...
Gas Chromatography: Types of Columns and Stationary Phases01:17

Gas Chromatography: Types of Columns and Stationary Phases

Gas chromatography (GC) relies on stationary phases to separate and analyze components in a sample. There are two main types of stationary phases: liquid and solid. Liquid stationary phases are non-volatile, thermally stable, and chemically inert liquids coated onto the column. Solid stationary phases are particles of adsorbent material, such as silica gel or molecular sieves.
For an analyte to remain on the column for a sufficient amount of time, it must exhibit some level of compatibility (or...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Pain and the evolutionary origins of subjective experience.

The Behavioral and brain sciences·2025
Same author

Loss-of-consciousness: sources of GABAergic input to the mesopontine tegmental anesthesia area.

Frontiers in neuroscience·2025
Same author

Molecular and cellular targets of GABAergic anesthetics in the mesopontine tegmentum that enable pain-free surgery.

Pain·2025
Same author

Neurosteroids foster sedation by engaging tonic GABA<sub>A</sub>-Rs within the mesopontine tegmental anesthesia area (MPTA).

Neuroscience letters·2024
Same author

Injector port acylation of γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB): Condition optimisation, source adjustments, and characterisation of the derivatives.

Journal of chromatography. A·2024
Same author

Selective and highly sensitive measurement of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and organic hydroperoxides with PtNP/Poly(Brilliant Green)/SPCE.

Talanta·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Qualitative Characterization of the Aqueous Fraction from Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Algae Using 2D Gas Chromatography with Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry
11:44

Qualitative Characterization of the Aqueous Fraction from Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Algae Using 2D Gas Chromatography with Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry

Published on: March 6, 2016

Recent trends and developments in pyrolysis-gas chromatography.

Karina L Sobeih1, Mark Baron, Jose Gonzalez-Rodriguez

  • 1Department of Forensic and Biomedical Sciences, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool, Lincoln LN6 7TS, UK.

Journal of Chromatography. A
|November 6, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Pyrolysis-gas chromatography (Py-GC) is a reliable technique for analyzing polymers. Recent advancements, including laser pyrolysis and improved detection methods, are expanding its capabilities for polymer analysis.

More Related Videos

Quantitative Analysis by Thermogravimetry-Mass Spectrum Analysis for Reactions with Evolved Gases
06:51

Quantitative Analysis by Thermogravimetry-Mass Spectrum Analysis for Reactions with Evolved Gases

Published on: October 29, 2018

A Two-Step Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography Method with Mass Spectrometric Detection for Identification of Tattoo Ink Ingredients and Counterfeit Products
08:07

A Two-Step Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography Method with Mass Spectrometric Detection for Identification of Tattoo Ink Ingredients and Counterfeit Products

Published on: May 22, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Qualitative Characterization of the Aqueous Fraction from Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Algae Using 2D Gas Chromatography with Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry
11:44

Qualitative Characterization of the Aqueous Fraction from Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Algae Using 2D Gas Chromatography with Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry

Published on: March 6, 2016

Quantitative Analysis by Thermogravimetry-Mass Spectrum Analysis for Reactions with Evolved Gases
06:51

Quantitative Analysis by Thermogravimetry-Mass Spectrum Analysis for Reactions with Evolved Gases

Published on: October 29, 2018

A Two-Step Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography Method with Mass Spectrometric Detection for Identification of Tattoo Ink Ingredients and Counterfeit Products
08:07

A Two-Step Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography Method with Mass Spectrometric Detection for Identification of Tattoo Ink Ingredients and Counterfeit Products

Published on: May 22, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Pyrolysis-gas chromatography (Py-GC) is a well-established, rapid, and dependable analytical method.
  • It finds broad application in analyzing various substances, notably polymeric materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in Pyrolysis-gas chromatography (Py-GC) technology and instrumentation.
  • To highlight progress in detecting low-level polymer additives.
  • To discuss future potential enhancements in analytical scope.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent developments in Pyrolysis-gas chromatography (Py-GC) technology.
  • Discussion of novel Py-GC devices for additive detection.
  • Exploration of advanced separation techniques like comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography.

Main Results:

  • Recent technological advancements include laser pyrolysis and non-discriminating pyrolysis.
  • Novel Py-GC devices have improved the detection of low-level polymer additives.
  • Future separation technologies are expected to broaden the analytical capabilities of Py-GC.

Conclusions:

  • Pyrolysis-gas chromatography (Py-GC) continues to evolve as a powerful analytical tool.
  • Technological innovations are enhancing its sensitivity and scope, particularly for polymer analysis.
  • Future developments promise even greater analytical power for materials characterization.