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Opioid-induced bowel dysfunction.

Jay Thomas1

  • 1San Diego Hospice & Palliative Care, San Diego, California 92103, USA. jthomas@sdhospice.org

Journal of Pain and Symptom Management
|November 6, 2007
PubMed
Summary
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Opioid-induced bowel dysfunction (OIBD) is a common side effect of opioid pain relievers. New peripherally acting opioid antagonists show promise for treating OIBD without affecting pain relief.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Pharmacology
  • Pain Management

Background:

  • Opioid-induced bowel dysfunction (OIBD) is a prevalent and persistent clinical challenge.
  • Understanding the mechanisms of OIBD is crucial for developing effective treatments.
  • Existing therapies for OIBD often have limitations in efficacy and tolerability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathophysiology of OIBD.
  • To evaluate novel peripherally acting opioid antagonists for OIBD management.
  • To assess the safety and efficacy of alvimopan and methylnaltrexone in OIBD.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on OIBD and gastrointestinal physiology.
  • Analysis of clinical studies on peripherally acting opioid antagonists.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Focus on agents that do not cross the blood-brain barrier, such as alvimopan and methylnaltrexone.

    • Main Results:

    • Peripherally acting opioid antagonists demonstrate potential in alleviating OIBD.
    • Alvimopan and methylnaltrexone appear to be well-tolerated in preliminary studies.
    • These agents may relieve OIBD without compromising central analgesic effects of opioids.

    Conclusions:

    • Novel peripherally acting opioid antagonists offer a promising therapeutic strategy for OIBD.
    • These agents may provide effective OIBD relief with an improved safety profile.
    • Further research is warranted to establish the long-term efficacy and safety of these treatments.