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Determination of Inorganic Arsenic in a Wide Range of Food Matrices using Hydride Generation - Atomic Absorption Spectrometry.
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Arsenic speciation analysis in human saliva.

Chungang Yuan1, Xiufen Lu, Nicole Oro

  • 1Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

Clinical Chemistry
|November 6, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Arsenic speciation in saliva, including arsenite, arsenate, and their metabolites, can be determined using liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. This method is useful for biomonitoring human arsenic exposure and its health effects.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Arsenic speciation in saliva is crucial for biomonitoring human exposure and understanding arsenic metabolism.
  • Previous studies have not reported on arsenic speciation in saliva.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a method for determining arsenic species in human saliva.
  • To assess the utility of saliva arsenic speciation for biomonitoring arsenic exposure.

Main Methods:

  • Liquid chromatography (LC) coupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used for separation and quantification.
  • LC coupled with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) confirmed arsenic species identities.
  • The methods were applied to over 300 saliva samples from individuals with varying arsenic exposure levels.

Main Results:

  • Quantified arsenite (As(III)), arsenate (As(V)), monomethylarsonic acid (MMA(V)), and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA(V)) in saliva.
  • Detected arsenic species in a high percentage of samples from individuals with increased arsenic exposure.
  • Found a significant correlation between saliva arsenic concentrations and drinking water arsenic levels.
  • Observed a statistically significant association between elevated saliva arsenic and the prevalence of skin lesions (P <0.001).

Conclusions:

  • Saliva arsenic speciation is a valuable tool for monitoring human arsenic exposure.
  • The developed LC-ICP-MS and LC-ESI-MS/MS methods are effective for analyzing arsenic species in saliva.
  • Saliva arsenic levels correlate with exposure and are associated with adverse health outcomes like skin lesions.