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Related Concept Videos

Cerebral Hemispheres01:05

Cerebral Hemispheres

The human brain, a complex organ, is functionally divided into two cerebral hemispheres—left and right. These hemispheres are interconnected by a structure of paramount importance, the corpus callosum. This substantial bundle of neural fibers is not just a bridge between the hemispheres but a crucial element for the brain's comprehensive functioning. It enables efficient communication between the two hemispheres, allowing each side of the brain to control and receive sensory and motor...
Cerebrum: Anatomical Overview II01:11

Cerebrum: Anatomical Overview II

Each cerebral hemisphere can be divided into three main regions. The outermost region, the cerebral cortex, is a thin layer (2 to 4 millimeters thick) made up of gray matter, consisting of neuron cell bodies, dendrites, glial cells, and blood vessels. The middle region, or white matter, is primarily composed of myelinated nerve fibers organized into three types of large tracts: association fibers, commissures, and projection fibers. Association fibers connect different areas within the same...
Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex01:23

Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex

The somatosensory cortex in the parietal lobes is crucial for interpreting sensory data such as touch, temperature, and proprioception. The somatosensory cortex, situated in the parietal lobes, plays a vital role in interpreting sensory information like touch, temperature, and proprioception—awareness of body position. This specialized brain region features an organized structure wherein neurons at the top primarily process sensations originating from the lower body. In contrast, those at the...
Spinal Cord: Cross-sectional Anatomy01:16

Spinal Cord: Cross-sectional Anatomy

The cross-sectional anatomy of the spinal cord offers a detailed view of its complex structure and function within the central nervous system. At the core of the spinal cord lies the gray matter, characterized by its butterfly or "H"-shaped appearance in cross-section. This central region is enveloped by white matter, with the overall structure divided into symmetrical halves by the dorsal median sulcus and the ventral median fissure.
Gray Matter and its Components
Central to the gray matter is...
Cerebrum: Anatomical Overview I01:26

Cerebrum: Anatomical Overview I

The main and largest component of the human brain is the cerebrum. The cerebrum consists of two main parts: the cerebral cortex, an outer layer with wrinkles or folds known as gyri and shallow grooves called sulci, and a deeper region beneath it. The cerebrum divides into two distinct hemispheres and contains five different lobes: the frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, and insula. The central sulcus separates the frontal and parietal lobes and two functionally important gyri — the...
Cerebellum: Anatomical Regions01:17

Cerebellum: Anatomical Regions

The cerebellum, also known as the "little brain," is located in the posterior cranial fossa, inferior to the tentorium cerebelli and dorsal to the brainstem. It plays a significant role in motor control, coordination, and proprioception.
Cerebellar Structure
Externally, the cerebellum features a highly convoluted surface with numerous folia (narrow ridges) separated by shallow sulci (grooves). The cerebellum is divided into two hemispheres by a thin median structure known as the vermis. The...

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Fiber Connections of the Supplementary Motor Area Revisited: Methodology of Fiber Dissection, DTI, and Three Dimensional Documentation
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Fiber Connections of the Supplementary Motor Area Revisited: Methodology of Fiber Dissection, DTI, and Three Dimensional Documentation

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Human motor corpus callosum: topography, somatotopy, and link between microstructure and function.

Mathias Wahl1, Birgit Lauterbach-Soon, Elke Hattingen

  • 1Department of Neurology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University of Frankfurt, D-60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|November 9, 2007
PubMed
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The corpus callosum

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neuroanatomy
  • White Matter Tracts

Background:

  • The corpus callosum (CC) is crucial for interhemispheric communication.
  • Detailed organization of human CC, especially motor fibers, remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the topography and somatotopy of callosal motor fibers (CMFs).
  • To correlate CMF microstructure with functional connectivity between motor cortices.

Main Methods:

  • Combined functional MRI and diffusion tensor imaging fiber tracking.
  • Assessed CMF microstructure using fractional anisotropy (FA).
  • Measured interhemispheric inhibition via transcranial magnetic stimulation.

Main Results:

  • CMFs mapped to the posterior body and isthmus of the CC.
  • Hand CMFs were located anteriorly and ventrally to foot CMFs.
  • FA of hand CMFs correlated with interhemispheric inhibition.

Conclusions:

  • CMFs exhibit somatotopic organization within the CC.
  • CC microstructure (FA) is linked to functional connectivity.
  • This offers a new method to study brain function and predict connectivity.