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Related Concept Videos

Evolution of Microbial Genome01:08

Evolution of Microbial Genome

Microbial genome evolution is a highly dynamic process shaped by continual gene gain and loss across species and strains. This genomic flexibility allows microorganisms to adapt rapidly to environmental pressures and interactions with other organisms. Central to understanding this diversity is the distinction between the core and pan genomes.The core genome comprises the genes shared by all sampled strains of a species, representing essential functions needed for fundamental cellular processes.
Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
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The present-day mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes have retained some of the characteristics of their ancestral prokaryotes and also have acquired new attributes during their evolution within eukaryotic cells. Like prokaryotic genomes, mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes neither bind with histone-like proteins nor show complex packaging into chromosome-like structures, as observed in eukaryotes. Unlike mitotic cell divisions observed in eukaryotic cells, mitochondria and chloroplasts...
Microbial Phylogeny01:28

Microbial Phylogeny

Understanding the evolutionary relationships among microorganisms is fundamental to microbial ecology and taxonomy. Phylogenetic trees are essential tools for inferring these relationships, relying primarily on comparative analyses of molecular sequences such as DNA, RNA, or proteins. In microbial studies, these trees typically depict the evolutionary paths of diverse bacterial and archaeal species by mapping genetic differences accumulated over time.Phylogenetic trees are composed of tips,...
Genomic DNA in Prokaryotes00:46

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The genome of most prokaryotic organisms consists of double-stranded DNA organized into one circular chromosome in a region of cytoplasm called the nucleoid. The chromosome is tightly wound, or supercoiled, for efficient storage. Prokaryotes also contain other circular pieces of DNA called plasmids. These plasmids are smaller than the chromosome and often carry genes that confer adaptive functions, such as antibiotic resistance.
Genomic Diversity in Bacteria
Although bacterial genomes are much...
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Size and Structure of Viral Genomes

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Related Experiment Video

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Heuristic Mining of Hierarchical Genotypes and Accessory Genome Loci in Bacterial Populations
08:03

Heuristic Mining of Hierarchical Genotypes and Accessory Genome Loci in Bacterial Populations

Published on: December 7, 2021

Comparative microbial genome visualization using GenomeViz.

Rohit Ghai1, Trinad Chakraborty

  • 1Institute of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, , Justus-Liebig University.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|November 13, 2007
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genome visualization tools like GenomeViz help organize bacterial genome data. This aids in understanding microbial diversity and evolutionary relationships by comparing core and dispensable genes across strains.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Bioinformatics
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Increasing bacterial genome sequencing data presents challenges for analysis and interpretation.
  • Comparative genomics reveals core and dispensable genes, crucial for defining species and understanding diversity.
  • Effective data organization and visualization are critical for extracting meaningful insights from large genomic datasets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce GenomeViz, a novel tool for the comparative visualization of bacterial genomes.
  • To provide a user-friendly and interactive platform for exploring genomic data.
  • To facilitate the identification of commonalities, differences, and specific genomic features across bacterial strains.

Main Methods:

  • Development of GenomeViz, a software tool for comparative genome visualization.
  • Implementation of interactive features for creating, modifying, and querying genome plots.
  • Utilizing large-scale views to represent genomic data compactly.

Main Results:

  • GenomeViz enables active user interaction with genome plots.
  • The tool facilitates the visual comparison of bacterial genomes, highlighting shared and unique genetic elements.
  • Visualization aids in understanding evolutionary relationships and identifying genes associated with specific adaptations.

Conclusions:

  • GenomeViz offers an effective solution for organizing and visualizing complex bacterial comparative genomics data.
  • The interactive nature of the tool enhances the exploration of microbial diversity and genome characteristics.
  • This approach supports research into bacterial evolution, pathogenicity, and ecological adaptations.