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Delirium: a focused review.

Howard S Kirshner1

  • 1Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, A-0118, Medical Center North, Nashville, TN 37232-2551, USA. howard.kirshner@vanderbilt.edu

Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports
|November 15, 2007
PubMed
Summary
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Delirium is a frequent condition in hospitalized patients, linked to higher morbidity and mortality. This review covers its features, causes, evaluation, and treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Geriatrics
  • Internal Medicine
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Delirium is a prevalent and serious condition among hospitalized individuals.
  • It significantly increases patient morbidity and mortality rates.
  • Understanding its risk factors is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review the clinical features of delirium.
  • To explore the various etiologies contributing to delirium development.
  • To outline current approaches to clinical evaluation and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on delirium in hospitalized patients.
  • Synthesis of information on risk factors, clinical presentation, and pathophysiology.
  • Analysis of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

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Main Results:

  • Delirium presents with acute changes in mental status and fluctuating attention.
  • Key risk factors include advanced age, cognitive impairment, and severe illness.
  • Early detection and prompt management are essential.

Conclusions:

  • Delirium is a critical syndrome requiring vigilant recognition and management.
  • Addressing underlying causes and implementing targeted interventions can improve outcomes.
  • Further research into prevention strategies is warranted.