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Hypercalcemia.

Michelle M Shepard¹, Jeffrey W Smith

¹Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA. shepmm@musc.edu

The American Journal of the Medical Sciences

|November 16, 2007

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Elevated serum calcium is common, but distinguishing symptomatic from benign cases is challenging. This review covers calcium regulation and measurement to aid in understanding hypercalcemia etiology and treatment.

Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Endocrinology
Clinical Medicine

Background:

Elevated serum calcium levels are frequently encountered in clinical practice.
Differentiating clinically significant hypercalcemia from incidental findings presents a diagnostic challenge for physicians.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide a comprehensive overview of calcium homeostasis.
To elucidate the causes and management strategies for hypercalcemia.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on calcium metabolism and regulation.
Analysis of common causes and diagnostic approaches for hypercalcemia.

Main Results:

Understanding calcium stores, measurement techniques, and regulatory mechanisms is crucial.

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Hypercalcemia can arise from various etiologies requiring careful assessment.

Conclusions:

Accurate interpretation of serum calcium requires knowledge of physiological regulation.
Effective management of hypercalcemia depends on identifying the underlying cause.