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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy

Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the colonic...
Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:24

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

The pancreas, an elongated and flat gland situated behind the stomach, serves a vital function in digesting food and managing blood sugar levels.
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:25

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Chronic pancreatitis is a long-standing, relapsing inflammation of the pancreas, characterized by irreversible damage to the gland. It results in progressive destruction of the pancreatic parenchyma, fibrosis, and eventual loss of both exocrine and endocrine function. The disease may evolve gradually after multiple episodes of acute pancreatitis or develop independently.EtiologyChronic pancreatitis can arise from a variety of causes:Alcohol use is the leading cause, accounting for 70–80% of...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by transmural...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction01:26

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction

Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of chronic disorders marked by recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract due to an abnormal immune response against gut microflora. This leads to tissue damage. The two main forms are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.Crohn’s DiseaseCrohn’s disease is a relapsing inflammatory disorder that can affect any part of the GI tract, from the mouth to the anus. It involves all layers of the bowel wall (transmural) and shows “skip lesions” in which...

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Related Experiment Video

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Multimodality Diagnosis of Mesenteric Ischemia
05:07

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Published on: July 21, 2023

Chronic intestinal ischaemia: diagnosis.

Helle D Zacho1, Jan Abrahamsen

  • 1Department of Clinical Physiology, Viborg Hospital, Viborg, Denmark. frusoerensen@hotmail.com

Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging
|November 17, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Chronic intestinal ischemia, often due to atherosclerosis, causes postprandial abdominal pain and weight loss. Diagnosis should assess splanchnic blood flow, not just vessel imaging.

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Surgery
  • Gastroenterology
  • Diagnostic Imaging

Background:

  • Chronic intestinal ischemia (CII) is a clinical condition resulting from reduced splanchnic blood flow, commonly caused by atherosclerosis.
  • Intestinal angina, a key symptom of CII, presents as postprandial abdominal pain due to inadequate blood supply to the gastrointestinal tract and liver during digestion.
  • Associated symptoms include sitophobia and weight loss, significantly impacting patient health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of assessing splanchnic blood flow in diagnosing chronic intestinal ischemia.
  • To emphasize the limitations of imaging techniques that focus solely on vessel stenosis.
  • To draw attention to the physiological consequences of compromised blood flow.

Main Methods:

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  • Review of existing literature on chronic intestinal ischemia and diagnostic modalities.
  • Analysis of the physiological impact of stenotic or occluded splanchnic vessels.
  • Comparison of conventional angiography with advanced imaging techniques like ultrasonography, CT, and MR angiography.

    • Main Results:

    • Conventional angiography is the gold standard, but advanced imaging techniques are increasingly used.
    • Current imaging methods primarily visualize stenotic vessels, potentially overlooking adequate perfusion.
    • A critical gap exists in evaluating the physiological consequence: the lack of postprandial increase in splanchnic blood flow.

    Conclusions:

    • Diagnosis of CII requires assessing the functional consequence of vascular compromise, specifically the inability to increase splanchnic blood flow postprandially.
    • Relying solely on imaging of stenotic vessels may lead to underdiagnosis or misdiagnosis.
    • Future diagnostic approaches should integrate physiological assessment of blood flow dynamics.