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Updated: Apr 9, 2026
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Automated Preparation of [68Ga]Ga-3BP-3940 on a Synthesis Module for PET Imaging of the Tumor Microenvironment
Published on: April 25, 2025
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Thyroiditis Induced by Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Exhibits High [ 68 Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 and [ 18 F]FDG Uptake on PET/CT
Anne H Thostrup1,2, Morten Bentestuen1,2, Thor L Rasmussen3
1Department of Nuclear Medicine and Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
Clinical Nuclear Medicine
|April 8, 2026
Summary
This study details a rare case of immune-related thyroiditis in a mesothelioma patient treated with immunotherapy. It highlights the diagnostic utility of PET/CT scans in identifying this adverse event.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
- Nuclear Medicine
Background:
- Sarcomatoid pleural mesothelioma is a rare and aggressive cancer.
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors like nivolumab and ipilimumab are used in cancer treatment but can cause immune-related adverse events (irAEs).
- Thyroiditis is an inflammation of the thyroid gland, which can be an irAE.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report a case of immune-related thyroiditis following immunotherapy for mesothelioma.
- To investigate the utility of FDG- and FAPI PET/CT in diagnosing irAE thyroiditis.
- To contribute to the limited literature on FAPI uptake in irAE thyroiditis.
Main Methods:
- A patient with sarcomatoid pleural mesothelioma received nivolumab and ipilimumab.
- The patient developed colitis, an irAE, leading to treatment termination and prednisolone initiation.
- FDG- and FAPI PET/CT scans were performed, along with thyroid biochemistry tests.
Main Results:
- The patient developed hypothyroidism and prominent diffuse thyroid uptake on both FDG- and FAPI PET/CT.
- The diagnosis of immune-related adverse event thyroiditis was confirmed.
- FAPI uptake in irAE thyroiditis was observed, a phenomenon reported only once previously.
Conclusions:
- Immune-related thyroiditis is a potential irAE of nivolumab and ipilimumab therapy.
- FDG- and FAPI PET/CT may aid in the diagnosis of irAE thyroiditis.
- This case adds to the scarce evidence of FAPI uptake in irAE thyroiditis.
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