Nutrition in pediatric lung disease

The respiratory system exists in an oxygenated milieu and is recurrently exposed to both endogenous and exogenous oxidants and irritants. A variety of dietary-dependent defenses have evolved to protect the lungs. These comprise vitamins, proteins, polyphenols, fatty acids and co-factors. This is a brief review of oxidant sources and the antioxidant system, as pertains to the respiratory system. The challenge to both clinicians and investigators is to understand how defenses are integrated and coordinated so that enhanced protection can be delivered.