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Electrophoresis: Overview

Electrophoresis: Overview

Electrophoresis is a powerful analytical separation technique that relies on the differential migration of charged species when subjected to an electric field. The core strength of electrophoresis lies in its ability to separate high-molecular-weight species in complex mixtures. It has found widespread use in biochemistry, molecular biology, and analytical chemistry, allowing the separation of compounds like amino acids, nucleotides, carbohydrates, and proteins with excellent resolution.
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Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Microfluidic Chip Fabrication and Method to Detect Influenza

Microfluidic Chip Fabrication and Method to Detect Influenza

Published on: March 26, 2013

Virus analysis by electrophoresis on a microfluidic chip.

Victor U Weiss¹, Viliam Kolivoska, Leopold Kremser

¹Institute for Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

Journal of Chromatography. B, Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences

|November 17, 2007

Summary

Microfluidic chips enable rapid, detergent-free analysis of viruses and viral complexes using laser-induced fluorescence. This technology offers a contained and disposable method for studying infectious agents.

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Area of Science:

Analytical Chemistry
Virology
Biophysics

Background:

Miniaturization of analytical devices offers advantages for biological sample analysis.
Traditional methods for virus analysis often require detergents, which can destabilize certain viral structures.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop conditions for analyzing viruses, subviral particles, and virus-receptor complexes on microfluidic chips.
To enable detergent-free electrophoretic analysis of viral analytes.

Main Methods:

Labeling viral capsids with the fluorescent dye Cy5 for laser-induced fluorescence detection.
Utilizing glass microfluidic chips for capillary electrophoresis.
Analyzing human rhinovirus serotype 2, its subviral particles, and virus-receptor complexation.

Main Results:

Successful electrophoretic analysis of viruses and viral complexes on microfluidic chips without detergent.
Analyses were completed within tens of seconds.
Demonstrated tracking of heat-induced conversion of virions to empty capsids.

Conclusions:

Microfluidic chips provide a rapid and efficient platform for virus analysis, compatible with detergent-sensitive biological assemblies.
The chip format offers enhanced containment and disposal, crucial for handling infectious materials.