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Related Concept Videos

Cholera01:25

Cholera

Cholera is an acute gastrointestinal disease caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Vibrio cholerae. It is transmitted primarily via the fecal-oral route through the ingestion of contaminated water or food.Vibrio cholerae is a motile, Gram-negative bacterium of the family Vibrionaceae, primarily associated with waterborne outbreaks in areas with inadequate sanitation. Although over 200 serogroups of V. cholerae exist, only O1 and O139 are responsible for epidemic cholera. The O1 serogroup,...
Vaccine Production01:23

Vaccine Production

Vaccine production involves a sequence of upstream and downstream processes to generate a safe and effective immunological product. It begins with cultivating microorganisms, such as viruses or bacteria, to obtain antigenic material. For viral vaccines, mammalian host cells are grown in bioreactors and subsequently infected with the target virus. The virus replicates within the host cells, which are lysed to release viral particles. This lysate is then clarified through filtration or...
Vaccines01:21

Vaccines

Vaccines are among the most effective tools in preventive medicine, designed to prepare the immune system to recognize and combat infectious agents. By introducing antigens—substances that the immune system identifies as foreign—vaccines stimulate an adaptive immune response that leads to immunological memory. This immunological memory enables the body to mount a faster and more effective response upon future exposures to the actual pathogen.Vaccines can be categorized based on the type of...
Vaccinations01:51

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Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
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Cross-reactivity

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Exploiting cholera vaccines as a versatile antigen delivery platform.

Anisia J Silva1, Francis O Eko, Jorge A Benitez

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Dr., SW Atlanta, GA 30310, USA. asilva-benitez@msm.edu

Biotechnology Letters
|November 17, 2007
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Summary

Safe cholera vaccines are versatile platforms for delivering foreign antigens. Advances in understanding Vibrio cholerae enable developing new vaccine vectors for broad pathogen protection.

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Area of Science:

  • * Microbiology and Immunology
  • * Vaccine Development and Delivery Systems

Background:

  • * Development of safe and effective cholera vaccines has opened possibilities for their use as antigen delivery platforms.
  • * Current strategies involve expressing foreign antigens using live attenuated vectors, fusion proteins, inactivated whole cells, or Vibrio cholerae ghosts.
  • * Understanding Vibrio cholerae gene expression during infection is crucial for advancing vaccine vector technology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To explore the potential of cholera vaccine candidates as versatile platforms for delivering foreign antigens.
  • * To leverage advancements in understanding Vibrio cholerae pathogenesis for developing next-generation vaccine vectors.
  • * To induce broader immune protection against various pathogenic organisms using improved vaccine vectors.

Main Methods:

  • * Utilizing live attenuated Vibrio cholerae vectors to express heterologous antigens.
  • * Developing fusion proteins incorporating cholera toxin subunits.
  • * Employing inactivated Vibrio cholerae whole cells and Vibrio cholerae ghosts for antigen presentation.

Main Results:

  • * Cholera vaccine candidates demonstrate potential as effective antigen delivery systems.
  • * Various methods (live vectors, fusion proteins, whole cells, ghosts) can present foreign antigens via cholera vaccine platforms.
  • * Progress in understanding Vibrio cholerae infection mechanisms facilitates the design of novel vaccine vectors.

Conclusions:

  • * Cholera vaccines can be engineered as versatile platforms for delivering foreign antigens to the immune system.
  • * Further research into Vibrio cholerae pathogenesis offers opportunities to create advanced vaccine vectors.
  • * These improved vectors hold promise for inducing broad-spectrum immune protection against diverse pathogens.