[Causes and diagnosis of female urinary incontinence]

Area of Science:

• Urogynecology
• Pelvic Floor Disorders

Background:

• Stress incontinence often results from birth trauma.
• Factors like obesity, asthma, chronic constipation, and strenuous physical activity can contribute to pelvic floor dysfunction.
• These activities can lead to connective tissue injury and laxity of the pelvic support structures.

Purpose of the Study:

• To summarize the causes and diagnosis of pelvic floor defects leading to stress incontinence.
• To highlight methods for predicting surgical treatment success.

Main Methods:

• Diagnosis involves thorough urogynaecological examination.
• Surgical treatment success can be predicted by performing functional tests simulating surgical conditions.

Main Results:

• Pelvic floor defects are a common consequence of various contributing factors.
• Functional testing during simulated operations can offer predictive value for surgical outcomes.

Conclusions:

• Stress incontinence has multifactorial causes, with birth trauma being primary.
• Urogynaecological examination and functional testing are key diagnostic and prognostic tools for pelvic floor defects.