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Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Probing the Structure and Dynamics of Interfacial Water with Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy
Published on: May 27, 2018
A cellular-automata model of the structure of bulk water
1Center for the Study of Biological Complexity, Virginia Commonwealth University, VCU Life Sciences, Suite 111, 1000 West Cary Street, P.O. Box 842030, Richmond, VA 23284-2030, USA. lbkier@vcu.edu
Abstract:
Cellular-automata (CA) models of bulk water in the liquid state produce a series of patterns of the water structure, differing in the extent of binding of H(2)O molecules. The fractions of H(2)O molecules unbound, and those bound to one, two, three or four neighbors, designated f(0), f(1), f(2), f(3), and f(4), resp., become structural descriptors of water at various temperatures in the liquid state. The significance of these descriptors is challenged by examining their ability to correlate with a variety of physical properties. The quality of these relational equations demonstrates that the f(x) values present a structure alternative to the temperature (another physical property) in describing the structure of bulk water.
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