Pumping fluids in microfluidic systems using the elastic deformation of poly(dimethylsiloxane)

Area of Science:

• Microfluidics
• Biomedical Engineering
• Materials Science

Background:

• Microfluidic devices require precise control over fluid handling.
• Existing methods for fluid storage and pumping can be complex or require external equipment.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a simple, hand-operated methodology for storing and pumping fluids in microfluidic devices.
• To enable long-term, pressure-driven storage of reagents within microfluidic systems.

Main Methods:

• Utilizing microfluidic screw valves to isolate fluids within poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) microcompartments.
• Storing fluid pressure through the elastic deformation of PDMS microcompartment walls and ceiling.
• Employing soft lithographic techniques for device fabrication.

Main Results:

• Fluids can be stored under pressure in PDMS microcompartments for extended periods (months).
• Opened valves facilitate controlled fluid expulsion into microfluidic channels via elastic recoil.
• The system allows for preloading multiple reagents, metered dispensing, and controlled flow rates.

Conclusions:

• This methodology offers a robust and user-friendly approach to fluid management in microfluidic devices.
• The system enhances safety by preventing user exposure to potentially toxic reagents.
• Hand-operated nature and lack of external equipment requirements make it highly accessible.