Management of avulsed permanent incisors: a comprehensive update

An avulsion injury is a challenge to manage, and there are many factors to consider to obtain the best prognosis in each scenario. In 2001, Lee and colleagues published decision analysis paradigms for the management of avulsed permanent teeth for the purpose of providing busy clinicians with user-friendly, reference-based flow-charts to facilitate the best possible outcomes for managing these teeth in children and adolescents. The purpose of this article was to update the 2001 flow-charts and decision analyses with: (1) current concepts; (2) recent literature-based findings; and (3) new philosophies.