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Related Concept Videos

Tooth Anatomy01:21

Tooth Anatomy

The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or grinding food.
Teeth01:15

Teeth

The formation of teeth, also known as odontogenesis, is a complex process that begins in utero, around the sixth week of embryonic development. There are three stages to this process: the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage.
In the bud stage, the tooth germ (an aggregation of cells) starts to form in the developing jawbone. During the cap stage, the tooth germ differentiates into enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac, which will later develop into the tooth's enamel, dentin and...

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Microhardness Measurements on Tooth and Alveolar Bone in Rodent Oral Disease Models
06:16

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Published on: April 26, 2024

Three-dimensional primate molar enamel thickness.

Anthony J Olejniczak1, Paul Tafforeau, Robin N M Feeney

  • 1Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. olejniczak@eva.mpg.de

Journal of Human Evolution
|November 30, 2007
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a 3D database of primate molar enamel thickness, revealing key differences between primate groups. Findings align with 2D studies, offering a valuable resource for paleoanthropological research.

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Area of Science:

  • Paleoanthropology
  • Primate Anatomy
  • Dental Microwear

Background:

  • Molar enamel thickness is crucial for primate taxonomy, phylogeny, and diet assessment.
  • Traditional 2D methods are destructive, limited in scope, and ignore 3D data.
  • Advancements in 3D imaging enable non-destructive, comprehensive enamel thickness analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create and share a database of 3D enamel thickness measurements for primate molars.
  • To provide a comprehensive 3D dataset for comparative analysis in primate research.
  • To establish a reference for future studies on fossil taxa and primate gnathic biology.

Main Methods:

  • Collected 3D enamel thickness data from 182 primate molars.
  • Utilized advanced 3D imaging techniques for non-destructive measurement.
  • Compared 3D measurements with existing 2D study data.

Main Results:

  • 3D enamel thickness data generally align with previous 2D study findings.
  • Hominoids exhibit a wide spectrum of relative enamel thickness.
  • Enamel thickness hierarchy: Cercopithecoids > Ceboids > Strepsirrhines on average.
  • Gorilla has thinnest, Pan intermediate, and Homo thickest enamel among great apes and humans.

Conclusions:

  • The 3D enamel thickness database provides a valuable resource for researchers.
  • Established 3D measurements confirm and refine previous 2D-based phylogenetic and dietary interpretations.
  • The database aids in understanding primate evolution and functional morphology through enamel thickness analysis.