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Updated: Jul 9, 2026

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Dissociable neural effects of task order control and task set maintenance during dual-task processing.

Christine Stelzel1, Antje Kraft, Stephan A Brandt

  • 1Humboldt-University Berlin, Germany. christine.stelzel@psychologie.uni-heidelberg.de

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
|December 7, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Dual-task processing involves distinct cognitive functions. This study reveals that task order control, not task set maintenance, is primarily associated with lateral prefrontal cortex (lPFC) activity in the brain.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • The role of the lateral prefrontal cortex (lPFC) in dual-task processing remains debated.
  • Previous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have explored neural correlates of simultaneous task performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the functional relevance of the lPFC in dual-tasking.
  • To differentiate the neural correlates of task order control and task set maintenance within the lPFC.

Main Methods:

  • Employed a 2x2 integrated parametric fMRI design.
  • Manipulated task order control and task set maintenance demands during dual-task performance.

Main Results:

  • Identified a functional-neuroanatomical dissociation within the lPFC.

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  • Regions in the inferior frontal sulcus and middle frontal gyrus were linked to task order control, not task set maintenance.
  • Task set maintenance was associated with activity in the left anterior insula.
  • Dissociable premotor cortex and intraparietal sulci activations were observed for each cognitive function.
  • Conclusions:

    • Task order control is a distinct cognitive mechanism in dual-tasking.
    • lPFC activity changes are specifically related to task order control, separable from task set maintenance.