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  1. Home
  3. Affective-motivational Task Content And Stimulus Size Modulate Cognitive Control In Task Switching.
  1. Home
  3. Affective-motivational Task Content And Stimulus Size Modulate Cognitive Control In Task Switching.

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Affective-Motivational Task Content and Stimulus Size Modulate Cognitive Control in Task Switching.

Leif E Langsdorf1, Josephine Gümbel1, Viktoria Maydych1

  • 1Institute for Psychology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany.

Experimental Psychology
|June 17, 2026

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Food stimuli enhance cognitive control by improving task-switching, even when visually smaller. Motivational factors, not just visual salience, drive these effects on cognitive control.

Keywords:
affective-motivational dominancecognitive controlfood stimulivisual salience

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Human-computer interaction

Background:

  • Prior research indicates food stimuli reduce switch costs in task-switching paradigms.
  • The role of affective-motivational salience versus visual salience of food stimuli in cognitive control remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether affective-motivational properties or visual size of food stimuli modulate cognitive control.
  • To differentiate the contributions of motivational salience and visual salience in task-switching performance.

Main Methods:

  • Employed a task-switching paradigm with superimposed food and digit stimuli.
  • Participants alternated between food categorization (sweet/savory) and digit categorization (odd/even).
  • Manipulated visual size, making digits visually salient over food stimuli.

Main Results:

  • Reduced switch costs were observed for the food task, irrespective of its reduced visual size.
  • This suggests affective-motivational properties, not visual salience, primarily drive the cognitive control benefits.
  • Visual size was found to modulate the magnitude of the switch-cost asymmetry, indicating a modulatory role for visual salience.

Conclusions:

  • Affective-motivational properties of food stimuli enhance cognitive control by improving task-set reconfiguration.
  • Visual salience plays a modulatory role, but is not the primary driver of reduced switch costs for food stimuli.
  • Future research should integrate motivational and perceptual factors to fully understand cognitive control mechanisms.