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Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications

Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications

Capillary electrophoretic separations offer various modes, each with unique applications. These modes include capillary zone electrophoresis, capillary gel electrophoresis, capillary array electrophoresis, capillary isoelectric focusing, capillary isotachophoresis, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, and capillary electrochromatography.
Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) separates ionic components based on their electrophoretic mobility. It has been used to separate proteins, amino acids,...

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Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis is a high-resolution protein separation method first introduced by O' Farrell and Klose in 1975. This method involves protein separation by two dimensions, mass and charge, making it more accurate than one-dimensional gel electrophoresis.
The first dimension separation uses the isoelectric focusing or IEF technique performed on immobilized pH gradient (IPG) strips that separate proteins according to their isoelectric points.
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Electrophoresis is a powerful analytical separation technique that relies on the differential migration of charged species when subjected to an electric field. The core strength of electrophoresis lies in its ability to separate high-molecular-weight species in complex mixtures. It has found widespread use in biochemistry, molecular biology, and analytical chemistry, allowing the separation of compounds like amino acids, nucleotides, carbohydrates, and proteins with excellent resolution.
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Capillary electrophoresis instrumentation typically consists of several key components. A high-voltage power supply generates the electric field necessary for the separation by connecting to an anode (the positively charged electrode) and a cathode (the negatively charged electrode) located in buffer reservoirs at each end of the capillary tube. The system includes a sample vial, a fused silica capillary tube coated with polyimide for mechanical strength through which the sample components...

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Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Electrophoretic Separation of Proteins

Electrophoretic Separation of Proteins

Published on: June 12, 2008

Recent innovations in protein separation on microchips by electrophoretic methods.

Youyuan Peng¹, Antoine Pallandre, N Thuy Tran

¹University Paris-Sud, Laboratory of Proteins and Nanotechnologies in Separation Sciences, Châtenay-Malabry, France.

Electrophoresis

|December 7, 2007

Summary

This review highlights recent advancements in microchips for capillary electrophoresis (CE) protein separation. Microchip CE offers powerful analytical capabilities for biological, pharmaceutical, and food analysis.

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Electrophoretic Separation of Proteins

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Published on: June 12, 2008

On-chip Isotachophoresis for Separation of Ions and Purification of Nucleic Acids

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Digital Microfluidics for Automated Proteomic Processing

Digital Microfluidics for Automated Proteomic Processing

Published on: November 6, 2009

Area of Science:

Analytical Chemistry
Biotechnology
Separation Science

Background:

Microchips for analytical purposes have gained significant attention over the past two decades.
Capillary electrophoresis (CE) on microchip platforms is a rapidly developing field.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent developments in microchips for electrophoretic separation of proteins.
To cover basic microchip layout for CE, commercial platforms, and surface treatments.

Main Methods:

Discussion of on-line sample pretreatment strategies for protein pre-concentration and purification.
Adaptation of common CE modes to chip format, with ongoing progress in multidimensional approaches.
Overview of detection methods, including derivatization and labeling of proteins.

Main Results:

Microchip CE platforms are increasingly sophisticated for protein analysis.
On-chip sample pretreatment enhances protein analysis efficiency.
Various detection strategies are employed for sensitive protein identification.

Conclusions:

Microchip CE demonstrates significant potential for protein separations in diverse fields.
Applications span biological, pharmaceutical, agricultural, and food analysis.
The review covers literature from 2000 to early 2007, with 151 references.