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Development of a composite orthopaedic pain scale in horses
G Bussières1, C Jacques, O Lainay
1Anaesthesiology/Pharmacology Unit, Department of Veterinary Biomedicine-GREPAQ, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, C.P. 5000, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada J2S 7C6.
Abstract:
This study addresses development and validation of a composite multifactorial pain scale (CPS) in an experimental equine model of acute orthopaedic pain. Eighteen horses were allocated to control (sedation with/without epidural analgesia - mixture of morphine, ropivacaine, detomidine and ketamine) and experimental groups: amphotericin-B injection in the tarsocrural joint induced pain and analgesia was either i.v. phenylbutazone administered post-induction of synovitis, or pre-emptive epidural mixture, or a pre-emptive combination of the 2. Inter- and intra-observer reproducibility was good (0.8

