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Thiol reactivity as a sensor of rotation of the converter in myosin
Hirofumi Onishi1, Yasushi Nitanai
1Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology "Actin-Filament Dynamics" Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency, c/o RIKEN Harima Institute at SPring-8, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan.
Abstract:
Smooth muscle myosin has two reactive thiols located near the C-terminal region of its motor domain, the "converter", which rotates by approximately 70 degrees upon the transition from the "nucleotide-free" state to the "pre-power stroke" state. The incorporation rates of a thiol reagent, 5-(((2-iodoacetyl)amino)ethyl)aminonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid (IAEDANS), into these thiols were greatly altered by adding ATP or changing the myosin conformation. Comparisons of the myosin structures in the pre-power stroke state and the nucleotide-free state explained why the reactivity of both thiols is especially sensitive to a conformational change around the converter, and thus can be used as a sensor of the rotation of the converter. Modeling of the myosin structure in the pre-power stroke state, in which the most reactive thiol, "SH1", was selectively modified with IAEDANS, revealed that this label becomes an obstacle when the converter completely rotates toward its position in the pre-power stroke state, thus resulting in incomplete rotation of the converter. Therefore, we suggest that the limitation of the converter rotation by modification causes the as-yet unexplained phenomena of SH1-modified myosin, including the inhibition of 10S myosin formation and the losses in phosphorylation-dependent regulation of the basic and actin-activated Mg-ATPase activities of myosin.
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Major types that are helpful drug targets include:
ATP Synthase: Structure
ATP Synthase: Mechanism
Preparation and Reactions of Thiols
Actin and Myosin in Muscle Contraction

