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Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones01:29

Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones

Bones are dynamic organs that require a rich supply of oxygen and nutrients. Around 5% to 10% of the cardiac output supplies blood to the bones. A typical long bone has three main sources: the nutrient artery, the metaphyseal and epiphyseal arteries, and the periosteal arteries.
Nutrient Artery
The nutrient artery is the main blood vessel that enters the diaphysis via the nutrient foramen. While most long bones have only one nutrient foramen, large bones, such as the femur, may have two. This...
Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants01:22

Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants

Bone marrow transplant is a potential cure for several diseases, including cancer and specific genetic disorders. Notably, this procedure is applicable for patients suffering from aplastic anemia, certain types of leukemia, severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, thalassemia, sickle-cell disease, and certain cancers.
The transplant begins with high doses of chemotherapy and radiation treatment, which aim to destroy the...
Bone Markings01:26

Bone Markings

Bones have various surface features that help form joints and attach to other soft tissues. Depending on the function, bone markings are categorized into articulating projections, processes for attachment, depressions, and openings.
Articulating Projections
Articulating projections are found where two bones meet to form a joint. These structures are usually found at the ends of bones. The largest articulation is a rounded projection called the head, supported by a narrow neck at the ends of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Multimodal Bioluminescent and Positronic-emission Tomography/Computational Tomography Imaging of Multiple Myeloma Bone Marrow Xenografts in NOG Mice
05:32

Multimodal Bioluminescent and Positronic-emission Tomography/Computational Tomography Imaging of Multiple Myeloma Bone Marrow Xenografts in NOG Mice

Published on: January 7, 2019

[Bone lesion in multiple myeloma].

Mikiko Ise1, Toshiyuki Takagi

  • 1Division of Hematology-Oncology, Chiba Cancer Center.

Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine
|December 12, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Multiple myeloma (MM) causes bone destruction, leading to fractures and pain. Management involves imaging, pain relief, and bisphosphonates to reduce complications.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Orthopedics
  • Radiology

Context:

  • Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by significant bone destruction, with nearly all patients developing osteolytic bone lesions.
  • These lesions result from an imbalance between increased osteoclast activity and decreased osteoblast function, leading to pathological fractures and severe bone pain.
  • Established imaging modalities include plain radiography, CT, and MRI, with FDG-PET imaging showing promise.

Purpose:

  • To review the pathophysiology of bone destruction in multiple myeloma.
  • To discuss current and emerging imaging techniques for evaluating MM bone lesions.
  • To outline a comprehensive management strategy for MM-related bone disease.

Summary:

  • Bone destruction is a critical feature of multiple myeloma, impacting patient prognosis and quality of life.

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Interphase Fluorescence in situ Hybridization of Bone Marrow Smears of Multiple Myeloma
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Interphase Fluorescence in situ Hybridization of Bone Marrow Smears of Multiple Myeloma

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Multimodal Bioluminescent and Positronic-emission Tomography/Computational Tomography Imaging of Multiple Myeloma Bone Marrow Xenografts in NOG Mice
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Establishment of a Human Multiple Myeloma Xenograft Model in the Chicken to Study Tumor Growth, Invasion and Angiogenesis
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Interphase Fluorescence in situ Hybridization of Bone Marrow Smears of Multiple Myeloma
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Interphase Fluorescence in situ Hybridization of Bone Marrow Smears of Multiple Myeloma

Published on: April 15, 2022

  • Understanding the mechanisms of osteolysis and employing advanced imaging are crucial for diagnosis and monitoring.
  • A multimodal approach including analgesia, radiotherapy, orthopedic intervention, and bisphosphonates is essential for comprehensive patient care.

    • Impact:

    • Improved understanding of MM bone disease can lead to earlier diagnosis and more effective treatment strategies.
    • Optimizing pain management and fracture prevention can significantly enhance patient outcomes and quality of life.
    • Further research into novel therapeutic targets and imaging techniques holds potential for improving survival and reducing skeletal morbidity in MM.