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In parallel electrical connections, resistors are linked between the same pair of nodes, creating an equal voltage across each resistor. Kirchhoff's current law is applied to these connections, establishing that the sum of currents through these resistors equals the source current. Utilizing Ohm's law, the source current is determined as the product of the source voltage and the sum of the reciprocals of individual resistances. This relationship simplifies the process of finding the current...
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In electrical circuits, resistors can be connected in series, sequentially linked one after the other. In a series configuration, the same current flows through each resistor. Ohm's law is a fundamental principle to understand the behavior of resistors in series. It expresses the voltage across these resistors in terms of the current and resistance.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Author Spotlight: Advancements in 3D Optical Imaging for Comprehensive Body Composition Assessment in Modern Research
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Phase-locked optical divide-by-3 system for visible radiation.

J E Bernard, B G Whitford, L Marmet

    Optics Letters
    |December 12, 2007
    PubMed
    Summary

    Researchers developed an optical divide-by-3 system to phase lock a Thulium Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (Tm:YAG) laser. This system successfully stabilized the Tm:YAG laser

    Area of Science:

    • Laser physics
    • Nonlinear optics
    • Frequency stabilization

    Background:

    • Diode-pumped Thulium lasers are crucial for various applications.
    • Precise frequency control of lasers is essential for advanced scientific research.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop an optical divide-by-3 system for phase locking a Tm:YAG laser.
    • To achieve frequency stabilization of a 148 THz Tm:YAG laser to an ultrastable diode laser.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized an optical divide-by-3 system.
    • Employed frequency doubling in AgGaS2 and frequency differencing in LiNbO3.
    • Implemented an electronic servo system for frequency control.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully phase locked a diode-pumped Tm:YAG laser at 148 THz (2022 nm).

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  • Achieved phase locking to a 445 THz (674 nm) ultrastable diode laser system.
  • Demonstrated routine phase-locking periods of several minutes.

    • Conclusions:

    • The developed optical divide-by-3 system effectively phase locks Tm:YAG lasers.
    • This method provides a robust approach for stabilizing infrared laser frequencies.
    • Enables precise frequency control for applications requiring stable infrared sources.